From: Evan Riley, Chair, Juniper Estates Neighborhood Committee
Sent: December 12
To: Loretta Acosta, Zoning Commissioner
CC: Rudy Hartwell, Mayor
Subject: Proposed re-zoning for Brannick's Superstore adjacent to Juniper Estates
1. I represent the Juniper Estates Neighborhood Committee. Last night, community residents had a meeting in which they expressed views on the re-zoning request Brannick's Superstore proposed. Nearly 100% of the attendees were opposed to the Antrim Zoning Commission allowing a Brannick's to be built on the land adjacent to Juniper Estates. I have been asked to summarize neighborhood opposition.
2. A Brannick's Superstore is a wonderful place to shop. It provides groceries prescriptions and even auto repairs. However, it is not an appealing structure to have in one's backyard. This is especially true for residents of Juniper Estates. Situated on the northern edge of the Antrim city limits, Juniper Estates is more rural than urban. Many of our residents moved to the northern edge of Antrim to be near the woods and the wildlife. They wanted to be away from the city, not in the middle of a busy shopping mecca. Furthermore, construction of this superstore would remove a large portion of forest from the area adjoining Juniper Estates and uproot the wildlife that depends on it.
3. In place of deer, this superstore would bring in cars and chaos. With traffic congestion comes increased pollution and noise. In effect, a store the size of Brannick's would bring the city right to our doorsteps. While we live within the city limits of Antrim, we reside in the rural community of Juniper Estates, and we want to keep it rustic.
4. Even though most Juniper Estates residents commute to jobs downtown, about 15% of our residents work right here in the surrounding area. These folks are largely small- business owners and their employees. They depend on the purchases made by residents of the Antrim community for their livelihoods. These shopkeepers are happy to let members of the rest of the community spend their city earnings in our shops. Antrim shoppers know that our shops are unique and distinctive, offering original, often handmade products. These businesses are a source of both income and pride for their owners and employees.
5. Unfortunately, the shops near Juniper Estates could not compete with the prices of a nearby superstore. If Brannick's is right next door, most people will shop there. Brannick's can afford to sell for less. Its presence in the community could force many of our local businesses to close. Even people who are loyal customers of the small, specialized shops could eventually succumb to the lure of a superstore.
6. Additionally, the Property Trends website states that building a superstore typically drops home values by 10%. This is reason enough for members of our community to protest the proposed zoning adjustment.
7. Antrim already has two Brannick's Superstores. How many superstores do we need? If you change the zoning legislation, let it be for something that will enhance the beauty and uniqueness of our community. Juniper Estates has enough traffic and noise. We need to protect the businesses we have and the independent personality of our rural community. We strongly urge you to decline Brannick's re-zoning request.
Evan Riley
**********
Press Release
February 2
For Immediate Release
Brannick's Superstore Is Coming!
8. Thanks for being our new neighbor!
9. Brannick's application for the re-zoning of land adjacent to Juniper Estates has been approved with some revisions. We are now preparing to begin construction. Although our original plan was to build a full-sized store on this land, we have modified our plan to accommodate the community concerns that were presented to us by the Antrim Zoning Commission. People in the neighborhood were unhappy with our plan, and beginning a feud with potential customers is never an option for Brannick's. Therefore, we have made some concessions that we hope will please our customers in the area.
10. The first concern of our new neighbors is the noise and traffic the store could generate. Unfortunately, traffic and noise come with the territory of a superstore. Brannick's Superstores are popular, and this one will no doubt draw customers from nearby towns. However, we have worked with the Antrim City Council to find a way to minimize the noise and traffic and to limit our impact on Juniper Estates.
11. We have agreed to forgo our original plan to use the full 200,000 square feet possible under the original re-zoning request. Our store will instead occupy only 125,000 square feet. This size will allow for a buffer zone of wooded area between our store and Juniper Estates. Brannick's will maintain this wooded area; our landscaping team will scrupulously clean up any trash that winds blow into this area. This area will ensure that the store is not visible to nearby residents and will greatly reduce the traffic noise.
12. Furthermore, in the spirit of community involvement, we will place an 80-inch plasma
screen within the store for local ads and announcements. And this service will be free to
all local businesses! These ads could generate more business for local shops, because
Brannick's general merchandise and services. Aren't competition for these more specialized shops.
13. We will soon have nearly 100 job openings. Applications for the new store are avallable
online. We are looking forward to being your new neighbor.
Based on details in paragraph 9, which generalization can be made about Brannick's Superstore?
Rationale
Brannick's Superstore is concerned about the way consumers perceive the company.
In paragraph 9 of the Press Release, Brannick's Superstore states that they have revised their original construction plans in response to community concerns. They express a desire to avoid starting a feud with potential customers, indicating their concern for public perception and customer satisfaction.
A) Brannick's is concealing its frustrations with the Antrim Zoning Commission. There's no evidence in the text to suggest that Brannick's Superstore is concealing any frustrations with the Antrim Zoning Commission. In fact, they mention that they have worked with the commission to revise their original plans in response to community concerns.
B) Brannick's is considering adapting construction plans for other superstores. The text does not provide information on whether Brannick's is considering adapting construction plans for other superstores. The focus in the passage is on the specific re-zoning and construction plans for the superstore next to Juniper Estates.
C) Brannick's is concerned that its new superstore will hurt future profits. There is no mention in the text about Brannick's Superstore being concerned that its new superstore will hurt future profits. The company's concerns are centered on the public perception and the feelings of the local community, not its profits.
D) Brannick's is concerned about the way consumers perceive the company. This is the correct answer. In paragraph 9, Brannick's mentions the importance of not starting a feud with potential customers. This statement indicates that the company is concerned about how it is perceived by consumers.
Conclusion Based on the evidence provided in paragraph 9, it can be concluded that Brannick's Superstore is concerned about how consumers perceive the company. The company has shown this by modifying its original construction plans in response to community concerns and by expressing its desire to maintain a positive relationship with potential customers.
1. There are hard sells, and then there are really hard sells. Anyone who has ever tried to build a landfill is probably keenly aware of this. People know that landfills are a disgusting, if necessary, evil and that they spread disease and pestilence throughout populated communities. People want them located as far from their homes and businesses as possible. They do not want trash blowing onto their properties, nor do they want to be downwind of putrid air that ruins their time outdoors.
2. For those in the trash disposal business, trying to open a new landfill site and fighting the legal battles that this often brings are par for the course. However, a trash disposal company south of Austin, Texas, has created a successful model for keeping everyone happy-from rural neighbors to local environmentalists. How did the owners of the company manage this? They chose to take themselves out of the fight. They are so committed to running a model business and being a good neighbor that, over time, opposition to their landfill has gone away completely.
3. Texas Disposal Systems (TDS) is a profitable business that operates a landfill, recycling/resale center, composting operation, conference center, and exotic animal farm in Creedmoor, Texas. Brothers and co-owners Bob and Jim Gregory set high expectations for themselves, and this has been key to their success. Although all solid waste management companies in a state are supposed to adhere to the same regulations, some companies try to get by with the least possible effort. Some companies put on a thin veneer of being good neighbors while they really focus on their own self-interests.
4. The Gregory brothers are different in this regard. For instance, they put their own facilities, notably a pavilion that hosts fund-raisers and dinners, downwind from the landfill's working face. Bob Gregory explains that showing people the reality of the operation is important. The owners would not ask a neighbor to put up with anything that they would not put up with themselves. They have prioritized controlling odors and picking up stray trash so successfully that the more than 10,000 people who visit the site annually are more aware of the pleasant views and clean, fresh air than the landfill nearby.
5. Two of the biggest challenges for waste disposal operations are odors and the trash itself. About 2,000 tons of trash is handled daily at the Creedmoor facility. The facility keeps the working part of the landfill as small as it can and also uses biofilters, recycle sprays, and other treatments to mitigate odors. The owners also built high fences to help prevent trash from blowing away. Furthermore, they have a street crew operating six days a week to patrol the area and catch any stray trash that makes it beyond the fences.
6. Searching for the right fences actually inspired the Gregory brothers to include exotic animals on the land. They did not want to use industrial chain-link fences around the property because they thought that would send the wrong message to the neighbors. The land would look forbidding rather than welcoming. The brothers wanted to find functional, but inviting, fences. As they shopped around, they saw a number of high fences on exotic animal farms and thought that maybe their neighbors would like the idea of animals on the land surrounding the landfill. The neighbors did, indeed, like the animals. Currently, hundreds of acres owned by TDS are home to more than two thousand native and exotic animals of eighty species.
7. TDS also reaches out to the community by allowing various charity groups to host fund-raisers on the pavilion. About 150 groups hold events each year, raising thousands of dollars per event. There are also two beautifully appointed cabins on the property designated for community use. In addition, TDS hosts its own outreach events, like hosting volunteers from Big Brothers Big Sisters on the ranch.
8. Moreover, TDS runs a drop-off center for items like grills, tools, bicycles condition and sells them at a garage sale, TDS also has a retail outlet for Compost products and sells topsoil, mulch, and compost produced an-site.
9. The Gregory brothers provide an example of how to run a profitable business to the needs of the community and is a great neighbor. One bonus of operating so well is that TDS can re-invest money into making improvements rather than fighting opposition in costly legal battles. Ultimately, TDS has shown that it owners mind doing business and are great neighbors, people are willing to welcome and fill in next door
How does paragraph 6 fit into the problem-solution structure of the article?
Rationale
Paragraph 6 provides a solution for containing debris without offending neighbors.
This part of the article elaborates on one of the creative solutions the Gregory brothers implemented to mitigate the common issue of trash blowing away from the landfill site. Instead of using industrial chain-link fences which could appear uninviting, they opted to use high fences similar to those found on exotic animal farms. This choice was not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, contributing to the positive perception of the landfill by the neighbors.
A) It introduces the problem of harboring wild animals without endangering neighbors. This choice is incorrect because paragraph 6 doesn't introduce a problem; instead, it presents a solution. Moreover, the issue of harboring animals without endangering neighbors is not the main focus of this paragraph.
B) It provides a solution for containing debris without offending neighbors. This is the correct answer. The paragraph describes how the Gregory brothers decided to use high fences to contain debris, which also had the added benefit of making the landfill appear more welcoming to neighbors.
C) It extends the solution for disposing of trash without spreading offensive odors. This choice is not accurate because paragraph 6 doesn't discuss the solution for disposing of trash without spreading offensive odors. The focus is on containing debris and creating an aesthetically pleasing environment.
D) It reveals the problem of maintaining the landfill without harming the wild animals living there. This choice is incorrect because paragraph 6 does not deal with the problem of maintaining the landfill without harming the wild animals. Instead, it explains a solution for containing debris while also making the landfill more appealing to neighbors.
Conclusion In the context of the problem-solution structure of the article, paragraph 6 contributes by presenting a solution the Gregory brothers devised to contain debris from the landfill in a neighbor-friendly manner. They achieved this by using high fences, similar to those seen on exotic animal farms, making the landfill more inviting and less of an eyesore to surrounding residents.
This law amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964 so that discriminatory intent is recognized even if the events of intention occur outside the statute of limitations. What can readers infer from this sentence?
Rationale
Ledbetter's lawsuit created significant change.
The sentence suggests that a law was amended as a result of the circumstances surrounding Ledbetter's case. The change in law, recognizing discriminatory intent even when it occurs outside the statute of limitations, indicates that Ledbetter's lawsuit had a significant impact on legal interpretation and enforcement of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
A) Ledbetter waited to file her claim. The sentence does not explicitly or implicitly suggest that Ledbetter waited to file her claim. It focuses on the amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, not the timing of Ledbetter's claim.
C) Ledbetter's employer ignored the existing law. The sentence does not provide any information to infer that Ledbetter's employer ignored the existing law. It only states that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was amended, and does not comment on the actions of Ledbetter's employer.
D) Ledbetter felt cheated by her employer The sentence does not provide any information to infer that Ledbetter felt cheated by her employer. It focuses on the change in law, not on Ledbetter's feelings or perceptions.
Conclusion The sentence suggests a law was amended to recognize discriminatory intent even if it occurs outside the statute of limitations. This suggests that Ledbetter's lawsuit had a significant impact, leading to changes in the interpretation and enforcement of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The other options A, C, and D do not align with the information provided in the sentence.
The Letter of the Law
by Anne Versteen
1. In 1979, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company in Gadsden, Alabama, hired Lilly Ledbetter: She worked long hours as an overnight supervisor on the late shift from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. and labored alongside men for nearly 20 years, doing the same work as they did for the company.
2. By the time she was ready to retire in 1998, Ledbetter was earning $3,727 per month. She had no idea what the men were making in comparison to her until shortly before her retirement. As her last days on the job drew near, she learned that her male counterparts, who held her same position and worked the same job, were all being paid substantially more than she was. They made between 54,286 and $5,236 per month. Company policy prohibited employees from speaking to one another about pay, so Ledbetter had not known all those years that her wages were less than those of her male equivalents.
3. Understandably, Ledbetter felt cheated and filed a complaint against Goodyear with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Then she sued the company for gender discrimination in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, alleging that the company had given her a low salary because of her gender. Goodyear denied her allegations, stating that Ledbetter was paid less because the quality of her work was poor. A jury awarded Ledbetter $3.6 million. Even though the amount was reduced to $300,000 by a district court, she had still won a monumental case for the cause of women everywhere.
4. Good year appealed and the 2007 employment discrimination case Ledbetter v. Goodyear eventually reached the Supreme Court, The Court ruled by A 5-4 vote that Ledbetter's claim was time-barred by Title VII's limitations period. Title VII holds discriminatory intent or the deliberate act of causing harm, as a crucial element of a claim, and Ledbetter would have needed to file within 180 days of a discriminatory salary decision to fall within the alloted time period. The court did not consider it relevant that the paychecks Ledbetter received within 180 days before her claim were affected by past discrimination. Unfortunately, each instance of Goodyear's discriminatory intent fell outside the limitation period
5. The Court stated that the short statute of limitations, the period of time an employee has to file a complaint against the employer, is intended to ensure quick resolution or pay. Such instances become more difficult to defend as time passes. If the Court had accepted Ledbetter's argument, the decision would have allowed discriminatory pay decisions from years ago to be the subject of Title VII claims, In dissent. Justice Ruth Bader Ginshury clearly sided with Ledbetter, calling the majority's ruling a cramped interpretation of Title VII, incompatible with the statute's broad..
Which statement expresses a theme in the excerpt?
Rationale
A) Reality may be a matter of interpretation.
In the excerpt from Don Quixote, the main character, Don Quixote, sees windmills as monstrous giants, despite his squire, Sancho Panza, trying to convince him otherwise. The contrast between Don Quixote's perception and the actual reality reveals that the interpretation of reality can be subjective and influenced by one's beliefs.
B) Any hero may suddenly fall from glory. This statement is not clearly supported by the excerpt. While it's true that Don Quixote appears foolish by attacking the windmills, this single event doesn't necessarily imply a sudden fall from glory. The text doesn't provide enough context about Don Quixote's past heroic deeds to support this theme.
C) The use of violence is rarely justified. Cervantes does not explore the justification of violence in this excerpt. While Don Quixote's attack on the windmills is misguided, the text doesn't delve into the broader ethical implications of his actions, making this an incorrect interpretation of the theme.
D) Bravery is created from inner conviction. While Don Quixote does demonstrate a certain level of bravery and conviction in his decision to fight the "giants," his actions are based on a misinterpretation of reality. The main theme isn't about bravery stemming from inner conviction, but rather about how the interpretation of reality can be influenced by one's beliefs.
Conclusion The prominent theme in this excerpt from Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra is that reality may be a matter of interpretation. Despite Sancho Panza's efforts to convince Don Quixote that the giants are actually windmills, Don Quixote insists on his own interpretation. This highlights how personal beliefs and perspectives can shape one's understanding of reality. The other choices do not align as closely with the themes presented in the text.
FOREST ELMS APARTMENT HOMES
SPRING NEWSLETTER
1. It's official! The FEAH's governing board has approved the residents' committee request for a community garden in the unused lot adjacent to the children's playground. We need everyone's help to bring our garden to life! Volunteers are needed, STARTING THIS WEEKEND, to clear away garbage and debris from the lot and plant individual plots of fruits and vegetables. Every family can sign up to be responsible for one plot, and the family can choose the vegetables, fruits, and flowers it wants to grow there.
2. As we work together throughout the seasons, we will share in the benefits of a community garden. Some of the benefits go beyond just growing a garden.
3. • A community garden allows all of us living here to work together to cultivate and harvest our own foods, bringing beauty and friendship to our whole community.
4. • Our community garden has the potential of improving everyone's health. All of our families that contribute to the upkeep of the garden can reap the benefits of the food that will be grown and harvested there. Freshly grown food looks better, tastes better, and is healthier for us than produce that has been sitting for who-knows-how-long on the grocery store shelves!
5. • And think of the health benefits we'll derive from the exercise we'll get working in the
garden!
6. • Our garden will promote feelings of happiness and belonging that result when people
get together as a group to work for a common cause.
7 • Our garden will also benefit us financially because the fresh fruits and vegetables will
be available to us at a fraction of the price that grocery stores charge!
Letter to the Editor: Local Foods
Dear Editor,
9. I was appalled to discover that the local farmers' market was not at its usual location off Highway 244 near Broomer Lake when 1 arrived there Saturday. I have been depending on this market for almost al. of my fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as for the honey my children love, for years. I was shocked to see a sign posted near the turnoff road to the market that said only "Market Closed Until Further Notice." What is going on?
10. Consumers should have many choices when it comes to food and nutrition. Cultivating and purchasing local foods is undoubtedly the best choice to make when it is available in our communities. These locally grown foods are simply better than their store-bought counterparts. We know exactly where the food was grown, and it is reassuring to have it sold to us directly by the farmer who grew it.
11. I've read reports from the Grow Local Association that explain why produce grown in the communities where it is sold has greater nutritional value. These fruits and vegetables are certainly fresher, and everyone knows that the sooner fruits and vegetables are consumed, the better they are nutritionally. Vitamins like A, B, C, and E begin losing potency as soon as the produce is picked. When we buy our produce from the grocery store, we have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse or railcar. Surely, these vitamins have faded away considerably before the produce finds its way to a grocery store. On the other hand, locally grown produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested
12. Fresh produce also generally tastes better and has a longer shelf life than produce that has been transported over longer distances. Farmers who sell locally allow their fruits and vegetables a longer time to ripen because they do not have to factor in production and transport time, and we all know that riper produce is tastier
13. Don't we want our farmers to prosper and keep our money here in our community rather than giving it to those huge corporate farming conglomerates in other states that sell their produce nationwide? Even if the huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow and sell some seasonal produce year-round, I'd prefer to buy and eat my fresh produce when it is in season if it means helping our local farmers prosper.
14. Locally grown fruits and vegetables are simply more appealing. I believe that these foods are healthier more affordable and more flavorful let's all sneak up to our local authorities so we can get our farmers' market reopened!
Which conclusion is supported by the story?
Rationale
Burl will continue to independently produce honey.
The story provides several instances which indicate Burl's dedication and love for beekeeping and honey production. Despite the theft of his honey and the challenges he faces, Burl's affection for his bees and the process of honey production suggests that he will continue to produce honey independently.
A) Burl will ask the widows to keep watch to protect the honey from thieves. There is no evidence in the text to suggest that Burl will ask the widows to guard his honey. While the widows are mentioned as people Burl helps, they are not involved in the story's main plot about the stolen honey.
B) Burl will make an attempt to better market his honey to consumers. The story does not provide any information suggesting that Burl plans to market his honey more effectively. His reflections on the state of the honey market indicate dissatisfaction with mass production methods, but there is no mention of him planning to change his own marketing strategies.
C) Burl will continue to independently produce honey. Throughout the story, Burl's dedication to his bees and love for the honey production process are evident. Despite the theft of his honey, Burl's actions and thoughts suggest he will continue to pursue his passion for beekeeping and honey production.
D) Burl will work persistently to discover who took his honey. While Burl expresses frustration over the theft of his honey, the text does not suggest that he will make a concerted effort to discover who the thief is. His main concern appears to be the challenges facing his beekeeping and honey production, rather than the identity of the thief.
Conclusion The story suggests that Burl will continue to independently produce honey, despite the challenges he faces, including theft and larger market issues. His love for his bees and the process of honey production are the key indicators of his continued pursuit of this passion. The other options, such as asking the widows to guard his honey, changing his marketing strategies, or trying to discover the thief, are not supported by the text.
by Susanne Dunlap
I thought a lot, at the beginning, about my father playing the violin. I still remember the first time I ever saw a concert. I was very small, and we had just come to Esterhaza, a magnificent palace in Sopron, Hungary, when the prince's household moved there from his winter palace, at Eisenstadt, near Vienna. I think it may have been the first concert Papa took part in there. I had a new dress for the occasion, and Mama looked beautiful. I don't think Toby was born yet, or if he was, he was a small baby and stayed in our rooms with a nurse.
The palace at Esterháza was so new that it still smelled of raw wood and paint. The rooms were very grand. I had never seen so many candles in one place before. And they were expensive wax candles, not foul-smelling tallow. We stood to the side to watch the fine ladies enter. I thought they looked like dolls; their faces were so perfect. Later my mother told me that they painted them with white lead to make their skin artificially smooth and pale, and then rubbed rouge into their cheeks and lips, and drew lines of charcoal around their eyes so they would appear larger. And the headdresses-in those days the fashion was to have hair that towered up, stuck into place with diamond combs, with ribbons and pearls festooned around. And no matter what color it was naturally, ladies powdered their hair to snowy whiteness, so that the light of the candies was magnified by the glow from the people themselves.
And the men, too, were powdered and patched. Their gold buttons and lace were almost as gaudy as the ladies' finery. But the enormous panniers that held the ladies' skirts out to the side so far that they had to move sideways through doorways fascinated me most of all. I could barely be persuaded to turn my eyes to the orchestra when the concert started.
We were not seated with the guests. In fact, I think we were tucked away in an anteroom. The door was open so we could see through, and everyone pushed me forward to let me watch my father, who looked up now and again from the music and gave me a quick smile. The candlelight danced over the rich wood of his violin, the beautiful Italian instrument, an old Amati, that my grandfather had given him. Kapellmeister Haydn-who was also my godfather-sat at the harpsichord, smiling broadly all the time, waving one hand in the air to direct, then putting it back on the keys and instead using his head, bobbing and nodding to bring the winds in, or to indicate the entrance for the cellos. He looked like the music, 1 remember thinking. I wish I could bring that particular sound to my mind, but it has since blended with countless, other concert. I'll always remember what it looked like, though. The light shimmering glow of everything and everyone.
How does paragraph 1 fit into the narrative structure of the excerpt?
Rationale
Paragraph 1 establishes the setting and the reason the narrator's family came to the palace.
The first paragraph introduces the reader to the context of the story. It provides information about the location (Esterhaza, a palace in Sopron, Hungary) and the event (a concert in which the narrator's father is participating). It also gives the reason why the narrator's family is at the palace - because the prince's household has moved there.
A) Paragraph 1 establishes the setting and the reason the narrator's family came to the palace. This statement is correct. The first paragraph indeed sets up the time and place in which the story is happening and provides the reason for the family's presence at the palace.
B) Paragraph 1 provides details about the narrator's feelings about the events of the evening. The first paragraph does not delve into the narrator's feelings about the events of the evening. It provides context and setting, but not the narrator's emotional response.
C) Paragraph 1 includes background about a conflict that arose from the narrator's feelings about fashion. There is no mention of any conflict, especially one related to the narrator's feelings about fashion, in the first paragraph. The focus is on setting the scene and introducing the context.
D) Paragraph 1 describes the narrator's father and his performance at the concert. While the first paragraph does mention the narrator's father and the concert, it does not provide a detailed description of his performance. The focus is more on setting the scene for the story.
Conclusion The first paragraph of the excerpt from The Musician's Daughter by Susanne Dunlap establishes the setting and the reason why the narrator's family is at the palace. The other options incorrectly suggest that the paragraph explores the narrator's feelings, details a conflict, or describes the father's performance, none of which is the primary focus of this part of the text.
FOREST ELMS APARTMENT HOMES
SPRING NEWSLETTER
1. It's official! The FEAH's governing board has approved the residents' committee request for a community garden in the unused lot adjacent to the children's playground. We need everyone's help to bring our garden to life! Volunteers are needed, STARTING THIS WEEKEND, to clear away garbage and debris from the lot and plant individual plots of fruits and vegetables. Every family can sign up to be responsible for one plot, and the family can choose the vegetables, fruits, and flowers it wants to grow there.
2. As we work together throughout the seasons, we will share in the benefits of a community garden. Some of the benefits go beyond just growing a garden.
3. • A community garden allows all of us living here to work together to cultivate and harvest our own foods, bringing beauty and friendship to our whole community.
4. • Our community garden has the potential of improving everyone's health. All of our families that contribute to the upkeep of the garden can reap the benefits of the food that will be grown and harvested there. Freshly grown food looks better, tastes better, and is healthier for us than produce that has been sitting for who-knows-how-long on the grocery store shelves!
5. • And think of the health benefits we'll derive from the exercise we'll get working in the
garden!
6. • Our garden will promote feelings of happiness and belonging that result when people
get together as a group to work for a common cause.
7 • Our garden will also benefit us financially because the fresh fruits and vegetables will
be available to us at a fraction of the price that grocery stores charge!
Letter to the Editor: Local Foods
Dear Editor,
9. I was appalled to discover that the local farmers' market was not at its usual location off Highway 244 near Broomer Lake when 1 arrived there Saturday. I have been depending on this market for almost al. of my fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as for the honey my children love, for years. I was shocked to see a sign posted near the turnoff road to the market that said only "Market Closed Until Further Notice." What is going on?
10. Consumers should have many choices when it comes to food and nutrition. Cultivating and purchasing local foods is undoubtedly the best choice to make when it is available in our communities. These locally grown foods are simply better than their store-bought counterparts. We know exactly where the food was grown, and it is reassuring to have it sold to us directly by the farmer who grew it.
11. I've read reports from the Grow Local Association that explain why produce grown in the communities where it is sold has greater nutritional value. These fruits and vegetables are certainly fresher, and everyone knows that the sooner fruits and vegetables are consumed, the better they are nutritionally. Vitamins like A, B, C, and E begin losing potency as soon as the produce is picked. When we buy our produce from the grocery store, we have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse or railcar. Surely, these vitamins have faded away considerably before the produce finds its way to a grocery store. On the other hand, locally grown produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested
12. Fresh produce also generally tastes better and has a longer shelf life than produce that has been transported over longer distances. Farmers who sell locally allow their fruits and vegetables a longer time to ripen because they do not have to factor in production and transport time, and we all know that riper produce is tastier
13. Don't we want our farmers to prosper and keep our money here in our community rather than giving it to those huge corporate farming conglomerates in other states that sell their produce nationwide? Even if the huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow and sell some seasonal produce year-round, I'd prefer to buy and eat my fresh produce when it is in season if it means helping our local farmers prosper.
14. Locally grown fruits and vegetables are simply more appealing. I believe that these foods are healthier more affordable and more flavorful let's all sneak up to our local authorities so we can get our farmers' market reopened!
What is the relationship between paragraphs 9 and 10?
Rationale
Paragraph 10 adds supporting information to the ideas in paragraph 9.
In paragraph 9, the author expresses disappointment at finding the local farmers' market closed. This paragraph serves as an introduction to the author's concerns about food sourcing. In paragraph 10, the author expands on this idea by explaining the benefits of locally grown foods, providing additional context and reasons why the closure of the farmers' market is a significant problem.
A) Paragraph 10 presents a solution to the problem raised in paragraph 9. This is incorrect because paragraph 10 does not present a solution to the problem raised in paragraph 9. Instead, it provides more information on why the problem (the closing of the farmers' market) is significant. The author discusses the benefits of locally grown food but does not suggest a solution to the market's closure.
B) Paragraph 10 explains the effect of the ideas in paragraph 9. This is also incorrect. Paragraph 10 does not explain the effects of the ideas in paragraph 9. Rather, it provides additional context and information to support the author's disappointment regarding the closure of the farmers' market, which was introduced in paragraph 9.
C) Paragraph 10 adds supporting information to the ideas in paragraph 9. This is the correct answer. Paragraph 10 complements paragraph 9 by providing a deeper understanding of the importance of the farmers' market, and why its closure is problematic. The author discusses benefits of local food as a way to further support the initial distress expressed in paragraph 9.
D) Paragraph 10 contradicts some information in paragraph 9. This is not accurate as paragraph 10 does not contradict any information presented in paragraph 9. Instead, it builds on the concerns raised in paragraph 9 by offering additional information about the benefits of locally grown food.
Conclusion Paragraph 10 serves to add supporting information to the ideas expressed in paragraph 9. The author shares the benefits of locally grown food as a way to underscore the significance of the farmers' market's closure, initially raised in paragraph 9. Therefore, the relationship between these two paragraphs is one of complementary information and support.
Excerpt from Susan B. Anthony's Address to Congress in 1868
After more than 100 years of struggle, women in the United States finally won the night to vote in 1920. Sulfragist Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906) dedicated her life to the cause of winning the vote for women. In 1866, Anthony read an appeal to the Congress of the United States for the enfranchisement of women.
“To the Senate and House of Representatives:
1. "Woman has always had the right to property and wages, the right to make contracts and do business in her own name. And even married women, by recent legislation, have been secured in these civil rights. Woman now holds a vast amount of the property in the country, and pays her full proportion of taxes. On what principle, then, do you deny her representation?
2. “We propose no new theories. We simply ask that you secure to ALL the practical application of the immutable principles of our government, without distinction of rack, color or sex, And we urge our demand now, because you have the opportunity and the power to take this onward step in legislation. The nations of the earth stand watching and waiting to see if our Revolutionary idea, "all men are created equal," con be realized in government: Crush not, we pray you, the million hopes that hang on our success. Men and parties must pass away, but justice is eternal.
3. "The only tenable ground of representation is UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE, as it is only through Universal Suffrage that the principle of "Equal Rights to All" can be resized. All prohibitions based on race, color, sex, property, or education, are violations of the republican idea. You assume to be the representatives of 15,000,000 women - American citizens- who already possess every attainable qualification for the ballot. Women read and write, hold many offices under government, pay taxes, and the penalties of crime, and yet are allowed to exercise but the one right of petition.
4. "With man, woman shared the dangers of the Mayflower on a stormy sea, the dreary landing on Plymouth Rock, the rigors of a New England winter, and the privations of a seven years' wait. With him she bravely threw off the British yoke, felt every pulsation of his heart for freedom, and inspires the glowing eloquence that maintained it through the century. With you we have just passed through the agony and death, the resurrection and triumph of another revolution, doing all in our power to mitigate is horrors and guard its glories. And now thank you we have no souls to fire, no brains to weigh your arguments, that after education such as this, we can stand silent witnesses while you sell our birthright of liberty to save from a timely death an effete political organization? No, as we respect womanhood, we must protest against this desecration of the magna Carta of American Liberties; and with an impartiality not to be'
With him she bravely threw off the British yoke, felt every pulsation of his heart for freedom, and inspired the glowing eloquence that maintained it through the century.' How would replacing the word 'yoke' with the word 'governance' affect the meaning of this sentence?
Rationale
Replacing the word 'yoke' with the word 'governance' would weaken the idea that the British acted like masters of the Americans.
The term 'yoke' connotes a sense of oppression and burden, suggesting that the British were acting as harsh masters over the Americans. By contrast, 'governance' is a more neutral term, simply referring to the act of governing or ruling without inherently suggesting oppression or unjust control.
A) It would add urgency for Americans to replace British laws with more republican ones This interpretation is incorrect because the change in wording from 'yoke' to 'governance' does not inherently introduce any sense of urgency. The term 'governance' is less emotionally charged and does not necessarily imply a need for immediate action or change in the same way that 'yoke' does.
B) It would strengthen the legitimacy of the American cause against the British This interpretation is incorrect. By swapping the term 'yoke' for 'governance', the language becomes less emotive and the sense of British oppression less explicit. This could actually lessen the perceived legitimacy of the American cause against the British, rather than strengthening it.
C) It would shift the blame for starting war from the British to the early Americans This interpretation is incorrect because changing 'yoke' to 'governance' does not inherently shift blame. The term 'yoke' suggests an oppressive relationship, while 'governance' merely indicates a ruling authority. Neither term assigns responsibility for the initiation of conflict.
D) It would weaken the idea that the British acted like masters of the Americans This interpretation is correct. The use of 'yoke' serves to depict the British as oppressive masters, imposing their will upon the Americans. By contrast, 'governance' is a more neutral term, suggesting a less imbalanced power dynamic and thus diluting the idea of the British as harsh overlords.
Conclusion The term 'yoke', as used in the original sentence, conveys an image of the British as oppressive masters over the Americans. Replacing it with 'governance' would weaken this image, as 'governance' lacks the same negative connotations and suggests a more neutral, less oppressive form of rule. Thus, the impact of this word change would be to diminish the perception of the British as harsh overlords, altering the tone and implications of the sentence.
by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
translated from the Spanish by John Ormsby
1. At this point they came in sight of thirty or forty windmills that were on the plain, and as soon as Don Quixote saw them he said ta his squire, "Fortune is arranging matters for us better than we could have shaped our desiress ourselves, for look there, friend Sancho Panza, when thirty or more monstrous giants present themselves, all of whom I mean to engage in battle and stay, and with whose spoils we shall begin to make our fortunes; for this is righteous warfare, and it is God's good service to sweep so evil a breed from off the face of the earth."
2. "What giants?" said Sancho Panza.
3. "Those thou seest there." answered his master; "with the long arms, and some nave them nearly two leagues long.'
4. "Lock, your warship," said Sancho, "what we see there are not giants but windmills, and what seem to be their arms are the sails that turned by the wind make the millstone go."
5. "It is easy to see," replied Don Quixote, "that thou art not used to this business of adventures those are giants; and it thou art afraid, away with thee out of this and betake thyself to prayer while I engage them in fierce and unequal combat.
6. So saying, he gave the spur to his steed Rocinante, heedless of the cries his squire Sancho sent after him, warning him that most certainty they were windmills and not giants he was going to attack. He, however, was so positive they were giants that he neither heard the cries of Sancho, nor perceived, near as he was, what they were, but made at them shouting, "Fly not, cowards and vile beings, for a single knight. attacks you."
7. A slight breeze at this moment sprang up, and the great sails began to move, seeing which
Don Quixote exclaimed, “Though ye flourish more arms than the giant Briareus, ye have to
reckon with me.â€Â
8. So saying, and commending himself with all his heart to his lady Dulcinea, imploring her to support him in such a pert, with lance in rest, and covered by his buckler, he charged at Rocinante's fullest gallop and fell upon the first mill that stood in front of him, but as he drove his lance point into the sail the wind whirled it round with such force that it shivered the lance to pieces, sweeping win it horse and rider, who went rolling over on the plan, in a sorry condition. Sancho hastened to his assistance as fast as his donkey could go, and when he came up found Don Quixote unable to move, with such a shock had Rocinante fallen with him
9. “God bless me!" said Sancho. "Did I not tell your worship to mind what you were about, for they were only windmills? And no one could have made any mistake about it but one who had something of the same kind in his head."
10. “Hush, friend Sancho," replied Don Quixote, "the fortunes of war more than any other are liable to frequent fluctuations; and moreover I think, and it is the truth, that that same sage Friston who carried off my study and books, has turned these giants into mills in order to rob me of the glory of vanquishing them, such is the enmity he bears me; but in the and his wicked
What is the impact of Sancho addressing Don Quixote as 'Your Worship' in paragraphs 4 and 9 of the excerpts?
Rationale
The reader understands Sancho's subservience to Don Quixote.
In the given excerpts, Sancho Panza uses the title 'Your Worship' when addressing Don Quixote, which is a form of respectful address typically used towards those in a position of authority or superiority. This reveals Sancho's subservient relationship to Don Quixote and his acknowledgement of Don Quixote as his master.
A) The reader understands Sancho's confidence in Don Quixote. This choice is incorrect as Sancho's use of 'Your Worship' does not necessarily indicate his confidence in Don Quixote. In fact, within the context of the excerpts, Sancho is seen to be questioning Don Quixote's decisions and judgement, showing a lack of confidence in his master's actions.
B) The reader understands Sancho's disdain for Don Quixote. This choice is incorrect as Sancho's use of 'Your Worship' does not express disdain for Don Quixote. On the contrary, it is a respectful form of address, indicating deference rather than contempt or disrespect.
C) The reader understands Sancho's subservience to Don Quixote. This is the correct choice. By addressing Don Quixote as 'Your Worship', Sancho is acknowledging Don Quixote's superior status and his own position of subservience. This form of address underscores the hierarchical relationship between the two characters.
D) The reader understands Sancho's worry about Don Quixote. While Sancho does express worry about Don Quixote's actions in the excerpts, his use of the term 'Your Worship' does not specifically convey this concern. This form of address is more indicative of the power dynamic between the characters rather than Sancho's emotional state.
Conclusion The use of 'Your Worship' by Sancho when addressing Don Quixote highlights the subservient relationship Sancho has with his master. It does not primarily convey Sancho's confidence, disdain, or worry about Don Quixote. Therefore, the reader understands Sancho's subservience to Don Quixote through his use of this form of address.
From: Evan Riley, Chair, Juniper Estates Neighborhood Committee
Sent: December 12
To: Loretta Acosta, Zoning Commissioner
CC: Rudy Hartwell, Mayor
Subject: Proposed re-zoning for Brannick's Superstore adjacent to Juniper Estates
1. I represent the Juniper Estates Neighborhood Committee. Last night, community residents had a meeting in which they expressed views on the re-zoning request Brannick's Superstore proposed. Nearly 100% of the attendees were opposed to the Antrim Zoning Commission allowing a Brannick's to be built on the land adjacent to Juniper Estates. I have been asked to summarize neighborhood opposition.
2. A Brannick's Superstore is a wonderful place to shop. It provides groceries prescriptions and even auto repairs. However, it is not an appealing structure to have in one's backyard. This is especially true for residents of Juniper Estates. Situated on the northern edge of the Antrim city limits, Juniper Estates is more rural than urban. Many of our residents moved to the northern edge of Antrim to be near the woods and the wildlife. They wanted to be away from the city, not in the middle of a busy shopping mecca. Furthermore, construction of this superstore would remove a large portion of forest from the area adjoining Juniper Estates and uproot the wildlife that depends on it.
3. In place of deer, this superstore would bring in cars and chaos. With traffic congestion comes increased pollution and noise. In effect, a store the size of Brannick's would bring the city right to our doorsteps. While we live within the city limits of Antrim, we reside in the rural community of Juniper Estates, and we want to keep it rustic.
4. Even though most Juniper Estates residents commute to jobs downtown, about 15% of our residents work right here in the surrounding area. These folks are largely small- business owners and their employees. They depend on the purchases made by residents of the Antrim community for their livelihoods. These shopkeepers are happy to let members of the rest of the community spend their city earnings in our shops. Antrim shoppers know that our shops are unique and distinctive, offering original, often handmade products. These businesses are a source of both income and pride for their owners and employees.
5. Unfortunately, the shops near Juniper Estates could not compete with the prices of a nearby superstore. If Brannick's is right next door, most people will shop there. Brannick's can afford to sell for less. Its presence in the community could force many of our local businesses to close. Even people who are loyal customers of the small, specialized shops could eventually succumb to the lure of a superstore.
6. Additionally, the Property Trends website states that building a superstore typically drops home values by 10%. This is reason enough for members of our community to protest the proposed zoning adjustment.
7. Antrim already has two Brannick's Superstores. How many superstores do we need? If you change the zoning legislation, let it be for something that will enhance the beauty and uniqueness of our community. Juniper Estates has enough traffic and noise. We need to protect the businesses we have and the independent personality of our rural community. We strongly urge you to decline Brannick's re-zoning request.
Evan Riley
**********
Press Release
February 2
For Immediate Release
Brannick's Superstore Is Coming!
8. Thanks for being our new neighbor!
9. Brannick's application for the re-zoning of land adjacent to Juniper Estates has been approved with some revisions. We are now preparing to begin construction. Although our original plan was to build a full-sized store on this land, we have modified our plan to accommodate the community concerns that were presented to us by the Antrim Zoning Commission. People in the neighborhood were unhappy with our plan, and beginning a feud with potential customers is never an option for Brannick's. Therefore, we have made some concessions that we hope will please our customers in the area.
10. The first concern of our new neighbors is the noise and traffic the store could generate. Unfortunately, traffic and noise come with the territory of a superstore. Brannick's Superstores are popular, and this one will no doubt draw customers from nearby towns. However, we have worked with the Antrim City Council to find a way to minimize the noise and traffic and to limit our impact on Juniper Estates.
11. We have agreed to forgo our original plan to use the full 200,000 square feet possible under the original re-zoning request. Our store will instead occupy only 125,000 square feet. This size will allow for a buffer zone of wooded area between our store and Juniper Estates. Brannick's will maintain this wooded area; our landscaping team will scrupulously clean up any trash that winds blow into this area. This area will ensure that the store is not visible to nearby residents and will greatly reduce the traffic noise.
12. Furthermore, in the spirit of community involvement, we will place an 80-inch plasma
screen within the store for local ads and announcements. And this service will be free to
all local businesses! These ads could generate more business for local shops, because
Brannick's general merchandise and services. Aren't competition for these more specialized shops.
13. We will soon have nearly 100 job openings. Applications for the new store are avallable
online. We are looking forward to being your new neighbor.
Which phrase does the author use to support the claims made by ocean wave power proponents?
Rationale
The phrase '...the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.' is used by the author to support the claims made by ocean wave power proponents.
This statement is made in the context of discussing the advantages of using ocean wave power. Proponents of the technology argue that it is a sustainable and environmentally-friendly energy source, as it does not consume or waste water resources, but simply moves them.
A) '...the technology is likely to displace marine ecosystems and introduce pollutants into marine waters.' This statement is not used to support the claims of ocean wave power proponents. Instead, it is brought up as an argument against the technology, claiming that it could potentially harm marine ecosystems and introduce pollutants into the water.
B) '…any risk to our fragile ecosystems is too much of a risk.' This statement is also not used to support the proponents of ocean wave power. Instead, it is used as a counterargument, suggesting that even the slightest risk to our delicate ecosystems is unacceptable.
C) '…the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.' This is the correct answer. The author uses this phrase to highlight one of the advantages of using ocean wave power, according to its proponents. The technology does not consume or waste water, but simply moves it, making it a sustainable and eco-friendly energy source.
D) 'Additionally, there are several methods and locations of deployment for these devices…' While this statement is true, it is not used by the author to support the claims of ocean wave power proponents. It merely provides information about the various methods and locations for deploying devices to harness ocean wave power.
Conclusion The author uses the phrase '...the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.' to support the claims of ocean wave power proponents. This statement underscores the sustainability and environmental friendliness of ocean wave power technology, as it does not consume or waste water resources. The other options are either counterarguments to the use of ocean wave power or neutral information about the technology and do not support the claims of its proponents.
1. There are hard sells, and then there are really hard sells. Anyone who has ever tried to build a landfill is probably keenly aware of this. People know that landfills are a disgusting, if necessary, evil and that they spread disease and pestilence throughout populated communities. People want them located as far from their homes and businesses as possible. They do not want trash blowing onto their properties, nor do they want to be downwind of putrid air that ruins their time outdoors.
2. For those in the trash disposal business, trying to open a new landfill site and fighting the legal battles that this often brings are par for the course. However, a trash disposal company south of Austin, Texas, has created a successful model for keeping everyone happy-from rural neighbors to local environmentalists. How did the owners of the company manage this? They chose to take themselves out of the fight. They are so committed to running a model business and being a good neighbor that, over time, opposition to their landfill has gone away completely.
3. Texas Disposal Systems (TDS) is a profitable business that operates a landfill, recycling/resale center, composting operation, conference center, and exotic animal farm in Creedmoor, Texas. Brothers and co-owners Bob and Jim Gregory set high expectations for themselves, and this has been key to their success. Although all solid waste management companies in a state are supposed to adhere to the same regulations, some companies try to get by with the least possible effort. Some companies put on a thin veneer of being good neighbors while they really focus on their own self-interests.
4. The Gregory brothers are different in this regard. For instance, they put their own facilities, notably a pavilion that hosts fund-raisers and dinners, downwind from the landfill's working face. Bob Gregory explains that showing people the reality of the operation is important. The owners would not ask a neighbor to put up with anything that they would not put up with themselves. They have prioritized controlling odors and picking up stray trash so successfully that the more than 10,000 people who visit the site annually are more aware of the pleasant views and clean, fresh air than the landfill nearby.
5. Two of the biggest challenges for waste disposal operations are odors and the trash itself. About 2,000 tons of trash is handled daily at the Creedmoor facility. The facility keeps the working part of the landfill as small as it can and also uses biofilters, recycle sprays, and other treatments to mitigate odors. The owners also built high fences to help prevent trash from blowing away. Furthermore, they have a street crew operating six days a week to patrol the area and catch any stray trash that makes it beyond the fences.
6. Searching for the right fences actually inspired the Gregory brothers to include exotic animals on the land. They did not want to use industrial chain-link fences around the property because they thought that would send the wrong message to the neighbors. The land would look forbidding rather than welcoming. The brothers wanted to find functional, but inviting, fences. As they shopped around, they saw a number of high fences on exotic animal farms and thought that maybe their neighbors would like the idea of animals on the land surrounding the landfill. The neighbors did, indeed, like the animals. Currently, hundreds of acres owned by TDS are home to more than two thousand native and exotic animals of eighty species.
7. TDS also reaches out to the community by allowing various charity groups to host fund-raisers on the pavilion. About 150 groups hold events each year, raising thousands of dollars per event. There are also two beautifully appointed cabins on the property designated for community use. In addition, TDS hosts its own outreach events, like hosting volunteers from Big Brothers Big Sisters on the ranch.
8. Moreover, TDS runs a drop-off center for items like grills, tools, bicycles condition and sells them at a garage sale, TDS also has a retail outlet for Compost products and sells topsoil, mulch, and compost produced an-site.
9. The Gregory brothers provide an example of how to run a profitable business to the needs of the community and is a great neighbor. One bonus of operating so well is that TDS can re-invest money into making improvements rather than fighting opposition in costly legal battles. Ultimately, TDS has shown that it owners mind doing business and are great neighbors, people are willing to welcome and fill in next door
How does the use of the phrase 'put on a thin veneer' in paragraph 3 shape the author's argument in the article?
Rationale
The phrase 'put on a thin veneer' suggests that other companies pretend to be conscientious, while the Gregory brothers are sincere.
The use of this phrase in paragraph 3 helps to underline the contrast between the Gregory brothers' authentic commitment to community and environmental concerns and other companies' superficial efforts in these areas.
A) The phrase implies that other companies are misunderstood, while the Gregory brothers are given too much praise. This interpretation is not supported by the text. The phrase 'put on a thin veneer' is used to depict other companies' lack of genuine commitment to being good neighbors, not to imply they are misunderstood. No part of the text suggests that the Gregory brothers are given undue praise.
B) The phrase indicates that other companies ignore community concerns, while the Gregory brothers do not. While it is true that the Gregory brothers are portrayed as caring about community concerns, the phrase 'put on a thin veneer' does not indicate that other companies ignore these concerns. Instead, it suggests that they make insincere or superficial efforts to appear concerned.
C) The phrase suggests that other companies pretend to be conscientious, while the Gregory brothers are sincere. This interpretation aligns with the text. By using the phrase 'put on a thin veneer', the author suggests that other companies only pretend to be conscientious and community-oriented, whereas the Gregory brothers genuinely embody these traits.
D) The phrase helps explain how other companies fight their legal battles, while the Gregory brothers do not. The phrase 'put on a thin veneer' does not directly relate to how companies handle legal battles. The text mentions legal battles as part of the challenges faced by waste disposal companies, but does not link these battles with the companies' community relations efforts or the 'veneer' they put on.
Conclusion The phrase 'put on a thin veneer' is used by the author to highlight the insincerity of some waste disposal companies, contrasting their superficial gestures with the genuine efforts of the Gregory brothers. This contrast underscores the author's argument about the unique and commendable approach of the Gregory brothers in managing their landfill business.
FOREST ELMS APARTMENT HOMES
SPRING NEWSLETTER
1. It's official! The FEAH's governing board has approved the residents' committee request for a community garden in the unused lot adjacent to the children's playground. We need everyone's help to bring our garden to life! Volunteers are needed, STARTING THIS WEEKEND, to clear away garbage and debris from the lot and plant individual plots of fruits and vegetables. Every family can sign up to be responsible for one plot, and the family can choose the vegetables, fruits, and flowers it wants to grow there.
2. As we work together throughout the seasons, we will share in the benefits of a community garden. Some of the benefits go beyond just growing a garden.
3. • A community garden allows all of us living here to work together to cultivate and harvest our own foods, bringing beauty and friendship to our whole community.
4. • Our community garden has the potential of improving everyone's health. All of our families that contribute to the upkeep of the garden can reap the benefits of the food that will be grown and harvested there. Freshly grown food looks better, tastes better, and is healthier for us than produce that has been sitting for who-knows-how-long on the grocery store shelves!
5. • And think of the health benefits we'll derive from the exercise we'll get working in the
garden!
6. • Our garden will promote feelings of happiness and belonging that result when people
get together as a group to work for a common cause.
7 • Our garden will also benefit us financially because the fresh fruits and vegetables will
be available to us at a fraction of the price that grocery stores charge!
Letter to the Editor: Local Foods
Dear Editor,
9. I was appalled to discover that the local farmers' market was not at its usual location off Highway 244 near Broomer Lake when 1 arrived there Saturday. I have been depending on this market for almost al. of my fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as for the honey my children love, for years. I was shocked to see a sign posted near the turnoff road to the market that said only "Market Closed Until Further Notice." What is going on?
10. Consumers should have many choices when it comes to food and nutrition. Cultivating and purchasing local foods is undoubtedly the best choice to make when it is available in our communities. These locally grown foods are simply better than their store-bought counterparts. We know exactly where the food was grown, and it is reassuring to have it sold to us directly by the farmer who grew it.
11. I've read reports from the Grow Local Association that explain why produce grown in the communities where it is sold has greater nutritional value. These fruits and vegetables are certainly fresher, and everyone knows that the sooner fruits and vegetables are consumed, the better they are nutritionally. Vitamins like A, B, C, and E begin losing potency as soon as the produce is picked. When we buy our produce from the grocery store, we have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse or railcar. Surely, these vitamins have faded away considerably before the produce finds its way to a grocery store. On the other hand, locally grown produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested
12. Fresh produce also generally tastes better and has a longer shelf life than produce that has been transported over longer distances. Farmers who sell locally allow their fruits and vegetables a longer time to ripen because they do not have to factor in production and transport time, and we all know that riper produce is tastier
13. Don't we want our farmers to prosper and keep our money here in our community rather than giving it to those huge corporate farming conglomerates in other states that sell their produce nationwide? Even if the huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow and sell some seasonal produce year-round, I'd prefer to buy and eat my fresh produce when it is in season if it means helping our local farmers prosper.
14. Locally grown fruits and vegetables are simply more appealing. I believe that these foods are healthier more affordable and more flavorful let's all sneak up to our local authorities so we can get our farmers' market reopened!
What is the function of the phrase 'On the other hand' in the last sentence of paragraph 11?
Rationale
The phrase 'On the other hand' is used to emphasize the difference in the time it takes store-bought produce and local produce to get to consumers.
In the context of the letter, the author first discusses the negative aspects of store-bought produce, such as loss of nutritional value over time. The phrase 'On the other hand' is then used to introduce a contrasting point about locally grown produce and its freshness due to shorter time from harvest to purchase.
A) It reinforces the positive image consumers have of local produce. The phrase 'On the other hand' does not reinforce the positive image of local produce, but rather introduces a contrasting point about the freshness of locally grown produce compared to the store-bought ones.
B) It emphasizes the difference in the time it takes store-bought produce and local produce to get to consumers. This is the correct answer. The phrase 'On the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point about the time it takes for store-bought produce and local produce to get to consumers. The author notes that locally grown produce is often purchased within 24 hours of being harvested, while the time it takes for store-bought produce to reach the consumer is unknown.
C) It illustrates the dislike consumers have of store-bought produce. Although the author does express a preference for locally grown produce, the phrase 'On the other hand' is not used to illustrate dislike for store-bought produce. Rather, it is used to contrast the time it takes for store-bought produce and local produce to reach consumers.
D) It distinguishes between consumers of store-bought produce and consumers of local produce. The phrase 'On the other hand' does not distinguish between different types of consumers. It is used to contrast the time it takes for store-bought produce and local produce to reach consumers.
Conclusion The phrase 'On the other hand' is used in this context to highlight a comparison between the time it takes for store-bought produce and local produce to get to consumers. It introduces a contrasting point about the freshness of locally grown produce, emphasizing the advantage of local produce over store-bought ones in terms of time from harvest to purchase.
FOREST ELMS APARTMENT HOMES
SPRING NEWSLETTER
1. It's official! The FEAH's governing board has approved the residents' committee request for a community garden in the unused lot adjacent to the children's playground. We need everyone's help to bring our garden to life! Volunteers are needed, STARTING THIS WEEKEND, to clear away garbage and debris from the lot and plant individual plots of fruits and vegetables. Every family can sign up to be responsible for one plot, and the family can choose the vegetables, fruits, and flowers it wants to grow there.
2. As we work together throughout the seasons, we will share in the benefits of a community garden. Some of the benefits go beyond just growing a garden.
3. • A community garden allows all of us living here to work together to cultivate and harvest our own foods, bringing beauty and friendship to our whole community.
4. • Our community garden has the potential of improving everyone's health. All of our families that contribute to the upkeep of the garden can reap the benefits of the food that will be grown and harvested there. Freshly grown food looks better, tastes better, and is healthier for us than produce that has been sitting for who-knows-how-long on the grocery store shelves!
5. • And think of the health benefits we'll derive from the exercise we'll get working in the
garden!
6. • Our garden will promote feelings of happiness and belonging that result when people
get together as a group to work for a common cause.
7 • Our garden will also benefit us financially because the fresh fruits and vegetables will
be available to us at a fraction of the price that grocery stores charge!
Letter to the Editor: Local Foods
Dear Editor,
9. I was appalled to discover that the local farmers' market was not at its usual location off Highway 244 near Broomer Lake when 1 arrived there Saturday. I have been depending on this market for almost al. of my fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as for the honey my children love, for years. I was shocked to see a sign posted near the turnoff road to the market that said only "Market Closed Until Further Notice." What is going on?
10. Consumers should have many choices when it comes to food and nutrition. Cultivating and purchasing local foods is undoubtedly the best choice to make when it is available in our communities. These locally grown foods are simply better than their store-bought counterparts. We know exactly where the food was grown, and it is reassuring to have it sold to us directly by the farmer who grew it.
11. I've read reports from the Grow Local Association that explain why produce grown in the communities where it is sold has greater nutritional value. These fruits and vegetables are certainly fresher, and everyone knows that the sooner fruits and vegetables are consumed, the better they are nutritionally. Vitamins like A, B, C, and E begin losing potency as soon as the produce is picked. When we buy our produce from the grocery store, we have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse or railcar. Surely, these vitamins have faded away considerably before the produce finds its way to a grocery store. On the other hand, locally grown produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested
12. Fresh produce also generally tastes better and has a longer shelf life than produce that has been transported over longer distances. Farmers who sell locally allow their fruits and vegetables a longer time to ripen because they do not have to factor in production and transport time, and we all know that riper produce is tastier
13. Don't we want our farmers to prosper and keep our money here in our community rather than giving it to those huge corporate farming conglomerates in other states that sell their produce nationwide? Even if the huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow and sell some seasonal produce year-round, I'd prefer to buy and eat my fresh produce when it is in season if it means helping our local farmers prosper.
14. Locally grown fruits and vegetables are simply more appealing. I believe that these foods are healthier more affordable and more flavorful let's all sneak up to our local authorities so we can get our farmers' market reopened!
In 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods,' which of the author's claims is supported by evidence?
Rationale
Locally grown foods are more nutritional than store-bought foods.
The author of the 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods' provides evidence to support this claim by referencing reports from the Grow Local Association. The evidence highlights that locally grown fruits and vegetables are fresher and retain more nutritional value, as they are usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested. In contrast, store-bought produce may have been sitting in a warehouse or transport vehicle for an extended period, during which essential vitamins begin to lose their potency.
A) Buying fruits and vegetables directly from farmers is reassuring. This is an opinion expressed by the author but not supported by any presented evidence. The author merely states that buying directly from farmers is reassuring without providing factual data or cited sources to substantiate this claim.
B) Consumers should have many choices about food. While the author mentions this as a belief, no concrete evidence is provided to support this claim. It remains a subjective statement and a call for diversity in food sources rather than a fact backed by evidence.
C) Huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow seasonal foods all year. The author does mention this point, but it is presented as a presumption rather than a fact supported by evidence. There is no specific evidence or citation indicating that large-scale farming corporations can grow seasonal foods year-round.
D) Locally grown foods are more nutritional than store-bought foods. As previously stated, this claim is substantiated by the author through referencing the reports of the Grow Local Association, which present evidence that local foods retain more nutritional value due to their freshness and shorter time from harvest to purchase.
Conclusion Among the claims made by the author in the 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods,' only the assertion that locally grown foods are more nutritional than store-bought foods is backed by evidence. This evidence is provided in the form of reports from the Grow Local Association, which state that local produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested, thus retaining more of its nutritional value. The other claims, though presented by the author, lack corresponding evidence to support them.
1. “Water is currently the leading renewable energy source used by electric utilities to
generate electric power.â€Â
Energy Information Administration (EIA)
2. A predominant source of hydroelectric power is moving water-the water that runs in rivers, streams, and other waterways. The moving water turns turbines, which can resemble large propellers or fan blades. As a turbine spins, an axle at its center also spins. Machines then use this constant spinning motion to convert the energy of the moving water into electricity. On a larger scale, the world's oceans are also moving-in currents throughout these vast bodies of water, and as waves along hundreds of thousands of miles of coastline. As with land-based waterways, the power of ocean waves could be used to produce electricity. Currently, the technology exists to meet a significant portion of the world's energy demands by converting wave power to electricity.
Methods for Capturing Wave Power
3. There are several types of devices used to capture ocean wave power, such as point absorbers, terminators (also called oscillating water columns'), and attenuators? (see Table 1). Additionally, there are several methods and locations of deployment for these devices, including fixed and floating, and onshore, near shore, and offshore. Together, the wave-capturing device, the deployment method, and the deployment location determine the amount of energy captured and available for conversion into electricity. See Table 1 for examples of wave-capturing devices, deployment methods, and deployment locations.
Advantages and Disadvantages
4. As with any technology that converts our world's resources to energy, there are advantages and disadvantages to using ocean wave power. Supporters of the technology point to a critical advantage-ocean wave power does not release heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. Additionally, if ocean wave power provides a portion of the electricity currently being met by fossil fuel power, then fewer fossil fuels will be burned and, in turn, fewer heat-trapping gases will be released. Thus, ocean wave power can lead to a reduction in heat-trapping gases accumulating in the atmosphere. Proponents of using ocean waves to generate power cite another advantage: the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.
5. These arguments are countered by opponents of ocean wave power, who contend that disadvantages of using waves to generate electricity are more numerous than the advantages. They argue that the technology is likely to disrupt marine ecosystems and introduce pollutants into marine waters. Specifically, energy collection and conversion devices may disrupt migratory patterns, expose marine animals to risk of entanglement in the equipment, and repel or attract species to such a degree that ecosystems are thrown out of balance. Adversaries of the technology do not limit their argument to the environmental impact of ocean wave technology. Instead, they claim that deploying ocean wave devices could also disrupt the relationships that people have with the oceans by ruining their views of the seaside.
6. Whether one is a proponent or opponent of harnessing the ocean's wave power for our own use, it is clear that there are benefits and pitfalls to the technology. Advocates of ocean wave power argue that cleaner energy production is worth the risk of disrupting marine habitats. But people who challenge the use of ocean wave power counter that any risk to our fragile ecosystems is too much of a risk.
Currently, the technology exists to meet a significant portion of the world's energy demands by converting wave power to electricity. If the author removed the word 'significant' from this sentence, the new sentence would
Rationale
A) Show diminished potential for this technology is the correct choice.
The word 'significant' in this context is used to express the strong impact or substantial role that wave power technology could play in meeting the world's energy demands. If removed, the sentence may suggest a lesser contribution of this technology to the world's energy needs, therefore diminishing its potential.
A) Show diminished potential for this technology If the word 'significant' is removed from the sentence, the impact of wave power technology on meeting the world's energy demands is lessened. This is because the term 'significant' implies a substantial or important contribution. Without it, the sentence could be interpreted as wave power technology potentially contributing, but not necessarily in a substantial or important way.
B) Allow the reader to infer the importance of the technology This is incorrect because removing 'significant' actually reduces the direct emphasis on the importance of the technology. The reader may have to infer the importance, but the author's intention to highlight the substantial role of the technology is lessened.
C) Create a realistic portrayal of the technology This choice is incorrect as it implies that the current portrayal is not realistic, which is not indicated by the passage. The word 'significant' does not necessarily make the portrayal unrealistic. It is used to emphasize the potential of the technology, and its removal does not automatically make the portrayal more realistic.
D) Indicate a greater reliance on the technology This is incorrect because removing 'significant' does not suggest a greater reliance on the technology. In fact, it lessens the emphasis on the scale of the impact that this technology could have on meeting global energy demands.
Conclusion The word 'significant' plays a crucial role in emphasizing the potential of wave power technology in meeting a substantial portion of the world's energy demands. Its removal from the sentence results in a diminished portrayal of the technology's potential, as the substantial contribution is no longer clearly stated. Thus, the correct answer is A) Show diminished potential for this technology.
1. “Water is currently the leading renewable energy source used by electric utilities to
generate electric power.â€Â
Energy Information Administration (EIA)
2. A predominant source of hydroelectric power is moving water-the water that runs in rivers, streams, and other waterways. The moving water turns turbines, which can resemble large propellers or fan blades. As a turbine spins, an axle at its center also spins. Machines then use this constant spinning motion to convert the energy of the moving water into electricity. On a larger scale, the world's oceans are also moving-in currents throughout these vast bodies of water, and as waves along hundreds of thousands of miles of coastline. As with land-based waterways, the power of ocean waves could be used to produce electricity. Currently, the technology exists to meet a significant portion of the world's energy demands by converting wave power to electricity.
Methods for Capturing Wave Power
3. There are several types of devices used to capture ocean wave power, such as point absorbers, terminators (also called oscillating water columns'), and attenuators? (see Table 1). Additionally, there are several methods and locations of deployment for these devices, including fixed and floating, and onshore, near shore, and offshore. Together, the wave-capturing device, the deployment method, and the deployment location determine the amount of energy captured and available for conversion into electricity. See Table 1 for examples of wave-capturing devices, deployment methods, and deployment locations.
Advantages and Disadvantages
4. As with any technology that converts our world's resources to energy, there are advantages and disadvantages to using ocean wave power. Supporters of the technology point to a critical advantage-ocean wave power does not release heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. Additionally, if ocean wave power provides a portion of the electricity currently being met by fossil fuel power, then fewer fossil fuels will be burned and, in turn, fewer heat-trapping gases will be released. Thus, ocean wave power can lead to a reduction in heat-trapping gases accumulating in the atmosphere. Proponents of using ocean waves to generate power cite another advantage: the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.
5. These arguments are countered by opponents of ocean wave power, who contend that disadvantages of using waves to generate electricity are more numerous than the advantages. They argue that the technology is likely to disrupt marine ecosystems and introduce pollutants into marine waters. Specifically, energy collection and conversion devices may disrupt migratory patterns, expose marine animals to risk of entanglement in the equipment, and repel or attract species to such a degree that ecosystems are thrown out of balance. Adversaries of the technology do not limit their argument to the environmental impact of ocean wave technology. Instead, they claim that deploying ocean wave devices could also disrupt the relationships that people have with the oceans by ruining their views of the seaside.
6. Whether one is a proponent or opponent of harnessing the ocean's wave power for our own use, it is clear that there are benefits and pitfalls to the technology. Advocates of ocean wave power argue that cleaner energy production is worth the risk of disrupting marine habitats. But people who challenge the use of ocean wave power counter that any risk to our fragile ecosystems is too much of a risk.
How are the newsletter and the letter to the editor different with respect to their intended audiences?
Rationale
The newsletter is intended for a smaller audience.
The community garden newsletter is specifically targeted toward the residents of the Forest Elms Apartment Homes. It's a communication tool used by the governing board to inform, update, and engage the residents about the community garden initiative.
A) The newsletter is intended for a more knowledgeable audience. This choice is incorrect because both the newsletter and the letter to the editor do not require the audience to have specific knowledge. The newsletter discusses the community garden initiative in straightforward terms while the letter to the editor expresses a personal opinion about the importance of local foods and the local farmers' market.
B) The newsletter is intended for a younger audience. This choice is incorrect as there's no clear indication in the newsletter that it is intended for a younger audience. The newsletter is addressed to all residents of the Forest Elms Apartment Homes, regardless of age.
C) The newsletter is intended for a smaller audience. This is the correct answer. The newsletter is specifically addressed to the residents of the Forest Elms Apartment Homes, which is a smaller group compared to the broader public readership of the letter to the editor in a newspaper.
D) The newsletter is intended for a more diverse audience. This choice is incorrect. The newsletter is intended for the residents of the Forest Elms Apartment Homes. While this group may be diverse in some respects, it's not inherently more diverse than the general public who would be the readers of the letter to the editor in a newspaper.
Conclusion The community garden newsletter is targeted to a smaller, specific audience: the residents of the Forest Elms Apartment Homes. This is in contrast to the letter to the editor, which is intended for the broader public. The content of both pieces does not necessarily suggest a difference in the level of knowledge, age, or diversity of the intended audiences.
You are leaving this quiz
What would you like to do with your progress?
You're in the middle of a quiz
What would you like to do before switching?
Practice complete
You finished this free practice quiz.