"The Sentimentality of William Tavener"
by Willa Cather
1. It takes a strong woman to make any sort of success of living in the West, and Hester undoubtedly was that. When people spoke of Willlam Tavener as the most prosperous farmer in McPherson County, they usually added that his wife was a "good manager." She was an executive woman, quick of tongue and something of an imperatrix,; The only reason her husband did not consult her about his business was that she did not wait to be consulted.
2. It would have been quite impossible for one man, within the limited sphere of human action, to follow all Hester's advice, but in the end Willlam usually acted upon some of her suggestions. When she incessantly denounced the "shiftlessness" of letting a new threshing machine stand unprotected in the open, he eventually built a shed for it. When the first heavy rains came on, and the pigs rooted down the sod wall and made little path is all over it to facilitate their ascent, he heard his wife relate with relish the story of the little pig that built a mud house, to the minister at the dinner table, and William's gravity never relaxed for an instant: Hester, indeed, was William's refuge and his strength.
3. William set his boys a wholesome example to respect their mother: People who knew him very well suspected that he even admired her. He was a hard man towards his neighbors, and even towards his sons; grasping, determined and ambitious.
4. One spring night Hester sat in a rocking chair by the sitting room window, darning socks. She rocked violently and sent her long needle vigorously back and forth over her gourd, and it took only a very casual glance to see that she was wrought up over something. William sat on the other side of the table reading his farm paper. If he had noticed his wife's agitation, his calm, clean-shaven face betrayed no sign of concern. He must have noticed the sarcastic tum of her remarks at the supper table, and he must have noticed the moody silence of the older boys as they ate. But William Tavener never heeded ominous forecasts in the domestic horizon, and he never looked for a storm until it broke.
5. After supper the boys had gone to the pond under the willows it the big Cattle corral, to get rid of the dust of plowing. Hester could hear an occasional splash and a laugh ringing clear through the stillness of the night, as she sat by the open window. She was silent for almost an hour reviewing in her mind many plans of attack. But she was too vigorous a woman to be much of a strategist, and she usually came to her point with directness. At last she cut her thread and suddenly put her darning down, saying emphatically:
6. “William, I don't think it would hurt you to let the boys go to that circus in town tomorrowâ€Â
How does Anthony respond to conflicting viewpoints about Universal Suffrage?
Rationale
Susan B. Anthony responds to conflicting viewpoints about Universal Suffrage by referring to the principles on which the country was founded.
In her speech, Anthony invokes the founding principles of the United States, such as the belief that "all men are created equal," to argue for Universal Suffrage. She challenges Congress to apply these principles to all, regardless of race, color, or sex.
A) by revealing the many challenges that were overcome to build the nation While Anthony does mention the struggles shared by men and women in the early history of the United States, she does so to highlight the equal contributions of women, not to directly address conflicting viewpoints on Universal Suffrage. This choice is therefore not the best answer.
B) by referring to the principles on which the country was founded This is the correct answer. Anthony explicitly appeals to the founding principles of the United States in her argument for Universal Suffrage. She urges the Congress to uphold and apply these principles universally, without discrimination based on race, color, or sex.
C) by pointing out the revolutionary changes that equality would inspire Anthony does not specifically discuss the revolutionary changes that equality would inspire. Her focus is more on the application of the founding principles of the United States, rather than the potential outcomes of equality.
D) by explaining the benefits related to property holders and taxation While Anthony does mention that women hold property and pay taxes, she uses this point to question why women, as contributing members of society, are denied representation. However, this does not directly address conflicting viewpoints on Universal Suffrage.
Conclusion In her address to Congress, Susan B. Anthony argues for Universal Suffrage by invoking the founding principles of the United States, such as the belief in equal rights. While she does mention the struggles and contributions of women, as well as their roles as property holders and taxpayers, these points are used primarily to bolster her main argument, rather than to directly address opposing viewpoints on Universal Suffrage.
FOREST ELMS APARTMENT HOMES
SPRING NEWSLETTER
1. It's official! The FEAH's governing board has approved the residents' committee request for a community garden in the unused lot adjacent to the children's playground. We need everyone's help to bring our garden to life! Volunteers are needed, STARTING THIS WEEKEND, to clear away garbage and debris from the lot and plant individual plots of fruits and vegetables. Every family can sign up to be responsible for one plot, and the family can choose the vegetables, fruits, and flowers it wants to grow there.
2. As we work together throughout the seasons, we will share in the benefits of a community garden. Some of the benefits go beyond just growing a garden.
3. • A community garden allows all of us living here to work together to cultivate and harvest our own foods, bringing beauty and friendship to our whole community.
4. • Our community garden has the potential of improving everyone's health. All of our families that contribute to the upkeep of the garden can reap the benefits of the food that will be grown and harvested there. Freshly grown food looks better, tastes better, and is healthier for us than produce that has been sitting for who-knows-how-long on the grocery store shelves!
5. • And think of the health benefits we'll derive from the exercise we'll get working in the
garden!
6. • Our garden will promote feelings of happiness and belonging that result when people
get together as a group to work for a common cause.
7 • Our garden will also benefit us financially because the fresh fruits and vegetables will
be available to us at a fraction of the price that grocery stores charge!
Letter to the Editor: Local Foods
Dear Editor,
9. I was appalled to discover that the local farmers' market was not at its usual location off Highway 244 near Broomer Lake when 1 arrived there Saturday. I have been depending on this market for almost al. of my fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as for the honey my children love, for years. I was shocked to see a sign posted near the turnoff road to the market that said only "Market Closed Until Further Notice." What is going on?
10. Consumers should have many choices when it comes to food and nutrition. Cultivating and purchasing local foods is undoubtedly the best choice to make when it is available in our communities. These locally grown foods are simply better than their store-bought counterparts. We know exactly where the food was grown, and it is reassuring to have it sold to us directly by the farmer who grew it.
11. I've read reports from the Grow Local Association that explain why produce grown in the communities where it is sold has greater nutritional value. These fruits and vegetables are certainly fresher, and everyone knows that the sooner fruits and vegetables are consumed, the better they are nutritionally. Vitamins like A, B, C, and E begin losing potency as soon as the produce is picked. When we buy our produce from the grocery store, we have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse or railcar. Surely, these vitamins have faded away considerably before the produce finds its way to a grocery store. On the other hand, locally grown produce is usually purchased within 24 hours of being harvested
12. Fresh produce also generally tastes better and has a longer shelf life than produce that has been transported over longer distances. Farmers who sell locally allow their fruits and vegetables a longer time to ripen because they do not have to factor in production and transport time, and we all know that riper produce is tastier
13. Don't we want our farmers to prosper and keep our money here in our community rather than giving it to those huge corporate farming conglomerates in other states that sell their produce nationwide? Even if the huge farming enterprises have the technology to grow and sell some seasonal produce year-round, I'd prefer to buy and eat my fresh produce when it is in season if it means helping our local farmers prosper.
14. Locally grown fruits and vegetables are simply more appealing. I believe that these foods are healthier more affordable and more flavorful let's all sneak up to our local authorities so we can get our farmers' market reopened!
Which assumption does the author of 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods' make?
Rationale
The author of the 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods' assumes that local authorities had something to do with the market closing.
The author of the letter expresses disappointment about the farmers' market being closed and suggests taking action, including speaking up to local authorities. This implies an assumption that local authorities had a role in the market's closure or at least have the power to reopen it.
A) Consumers were not shopping at the market. The author does not make this assumption. The letter does not provide any information to suggest that a lack of consumer interest led to the market's closure. Instead, it expresses the author's personal reliance on the market and the benefits of local produce.
B) Local authorities had something to do with the market closing. The author does make this assumption. In the last sentence of the letter, the author calls for everyone to "speak up to our local authorities," suggesting that they have the power to reopen the market and may have had a role in its closure.
C) The market has moved to another location. This assumption is not made by the author. The author's surprise at the market being closed and the call for action to reopen it suggests that the author does not think the market has simply moved to a different location.
D) Local farmers have stopped producing food for the market. The author does not make this assumption. The letter focuses on the benefits of locally grown produce and the author's desire to support local farmers, without suggesting that the farmers have stopped producing.
Conclusion The author of the 'Letter to the Editor: Local Foods' assumes that the local authorities had some involvement in the closing of the local farmers' market. The other options, such as the market moving or consumers not shopping, are not assumptions made by the author based on the content of the letter. The author's call to "speak up to our local authorities" clearly shows their belief that the authorities can influence the market's status.
1. There are hard sells, and then there are really hard sells. Anyone who has ever tried to build a landfill is probably keenly aware of this. People know that landfills are a disgusting, if necessary, evil and that they spread disease and pestilence throughout populated communities. People want them located as far from their homes and businesses as possible. They do not want trash blowing onto their properties, nor do they want to be downwind of putrid air that ruins their time outdoors.
2. For those in the trash disposal business, trying to open a new landfill site and fighting the legal battles that this often brings are par for the course. However, a trash disposal company south of Austin, Texas, has created a successful model for keeping everyone happy-from rural neighbors to local environmentalists. How did the owners of the company manage this? They chose to take themselves out of the fight. They are so committed to running a model business and being a good neighbor that, over time, opposition to their landfill has gone away completely.
3. Texas Disposal Systems (TDS) is a profitable business that operates a landfill, recycling/resale center, composting operation, conference center, and exotic animal farm in Creedmoor, Texas. Brothers and co-owners Bob and Jim Gregory set high expectations for themselves, and this has been key to their success. Although all solid waste management companies in a state are supposed to adhere to the same regulations, some companies try to get by with the least possible effort. Some companies put on a thin veneer of being good neighbors while they really focus on their own self-interests.
4. The Gregory brothers are different in this regard. For instance, they put their own facilities, notably a pavilion that hosts fund-raisers and dinners, downwind from the landfill's working face. Bob Gregory explains that showing people the reality of the operation is important. The owners would not ask a neighbor to put up with anything that they would not put up with themselves. They have prioritized controlling odors and picking up stray trash so successfully that the more than 10,000 people who visit the site annually are more aware of the pleasant views and clean, fresh air than the landfill nearby.
5. Two of the biggest challenges for waste disposal operations are odors and the trash itself. About 2,000 tons of trash is handled daily at the Creedmoor facility. The facility keeps the working part of the landfill as small as it can and also uses biofilters, recycle sprays, and other treatments to mitigate odors. The owners also built high fences to help prevent trash from blowing away. Furthermore, they have a street crew operating six days a week to patrol the area and catch any stray trash that makes it beyond the fences.
6. Searching for the right fences actually inspired the Gregory brothers to include exotic animals on the land. They did not want to use industrial chain-link fences around the property because they thought that would send the wrong message to the neighbors. The land would look forbidding rather than welcoming. The brothers wanted to find functional, but inviting, fences. As they shopped around, they saw a number of high fences on exotic animal farms and thought that maybe their neighbors would like the idea of animals on the land surrounding the landfill. The neighbors did, indeed, like the animals. Currently, hundreds of acres owned by TDS are home to more than two thousand native and exotic animals of eighty species.
7. TDS also reaches out to the community by allowing various charity groups to host fund-raisers on the pavilion. About 150 groups hold events each year, raising thousands of dollars per event. There are also two beautifully appointed cabins on the property designated for community use. In addition, TDS hosts its own outreach events, like hosting volunteers from Big Brothers Big Sisters on the ranch.
8. Moreover, TDS runs a drop-off center for items like grills, tools, bicycles condition and sells them at a garage sale, TDS also has a retail outlet for Compost products and sells topsoil, mulch, and compost produced an-site.
9. The Gregory brothers provide an example of how to run a profitable business to the needs of the community and is a great neighbor. One bonus of operating so well is that TDS can re-invest money into making improvements rather than fighting opposition in costly legal battles. Ultimately, TDS has shown that it owners mind doing business and are great neighbors, people are willing to welcome and fill in next door
Based on details in the article, what generalizations can be made about landfills?
Rationale
Communities accept landfill companies that are receptive to concerns.
The text provides an example of how Texas Disposal Systems (TDS), a landfill company, managed to gain acceptance from the community. The company took measures to control odors, prevent trash from blowing away, and even made the surrounding area more appealing by including exotic animals. This suggests that if landfill companies are responsive and attentive to the concerns of the community, they are likely to be accepted.
A) Communities accept landfill companies that are receptive to concerns. The text provides evidence supporting this choice, as the case of TDS demonstrates that when a landfill company takes steps to mitigate the usual concerns associated with landfills (such as odors and stray trash), and even goes beyond this by creating pleasant views and hosting community events, the community's opposition can completely disappear.
B) Landfill businesses in some communities are following the Gregory brothers' model. The text does not provide any evidence to suggest that other landfill businesses are following the model set by the Gregory brothers. The Gregory brothers' model of operation is described as unique, implying that it is not a common practice among other landfill companies.
C) Legal restraints will eventually force communities to close their landfills. The article does not mention any legal restraints that would force communities to close their landfills. The challenges discussed are mainly related to community acceptance, not legal issues.
D) Recycling will eventually replace the need for landfills in all communities. While the text mentions that TDS operates recycling and composting operations, it does not suggest that these operations will eventually replace the need for landfills in all communities. Although recycling is a part of TDS's operations, they still maintain a landfill, indicating that both recycling and landfill operations have their place.
Conclusion The text supports the generalization that communities are likely to accept landfill companies when these companies are receptive to their concerns and needs. The example of Texas Disposal Systems (TDS) illustrates how a landfill company can successfully gain acceptance from the community by addressing typical concerns associated with landfills, such as odors and stray trash, and by engaging positively with the community. The other options do not find support in the text.
1. There are hard sells, and then there are really hard sells. Anyone who has ever tried to build a landfill is probably keenly aware of this. People know that landfills are a disgusting, if necessary, evil and that they spread disease and pestilence throughout populated communities. People want them located as far from their homes and businesses as possible. They do not want trash blowing onto their properties, nor do they want to be downwind of putrid air that ruins their time outdoors.
2. For those in the trash disposal business, trying to open a new landfill site and fighting the legal battles that this often brings are par for the course. However, a trash disposal company south of Austin, Texas, has created a successful model for keeping everyone happy-from rural neighbors to local environmentalists. How did the owners of the company manage this? They chose to take themselves out of the fight. They are so committed to running a model business and being a good neighbor that, over time, opposition to their landfill has gone away completely.
3. Texas Disposal Systems (TDS) is a profitable business that operates a landfill, recycling/resale center, composting operation, conference center, and exotic animal farm in Creedmoor, Texas. Brothers and co-owners Bob and Jim Gregory set high expectations for themselves, and this has been key to their success. Although all solid waste management companies in a state are supposed to adhere to the same regulations, some companies try to get by with the least possible effort. Some companies put on a thin veneer of being good neighbors while they really focus on their own self-interests.
4. The Gregory brothers are different in this regard. For instance, they put their own facilities, notably a pavilion that hosts fund-raisers and dinners, downwind from the landfill's working face. Bob Gregory explains that showing people the reality of the operation is important. The owners would not ask a neighbor to put up with anything that they would not put up with themselves. They have prioritized controlling odors and picking up stray trash so successfully that the more than 10,000 people who visit the site annually are more aware of the pleasant views and clean, fresh air than the landfill nearby.
5. Two of the biggest challenges for waste disposal operations are odors and the trash itself. About 2,000 tons of trash is handled daily at the Creedmoor facility. The facility keeps the working part of the landfill as small as it can and also uses biofilters, recycle sprays, and other treatments to mitigate odors. The owners also built high fences to help prevent trash from blowing away. Furthermore, they have a street crew operating six days a week to patrol the area and catch any stray trash that makes it beyond the fences.
6. Searching for the right fences actually inspired the Gregory brothers to include exotic animals on the land. They did not want to use industrial chain-link fences around the property because they thought that would send the wrong message to the neighbors. The land would look forbidding rather than welcoming. The brothers wanted to find functional, but inviting, fences. As they shopped around, they saw a number of high fences on exotic animal farms and thought that maybe their neighbors would like the idea of animals on the land surrounding the landfill. The neighbors did, indeed, like the animals. Currently, hundreds of acres owned by TDS are home to more than two thousand native and exotic animals of eighty species.
7. TDS also reaches out to the community by allowing various charity groups to host fund-raisers on the pavilion. About 150 groups hold events each year, raising thousands of dollars per event. There are also two beautifully appointed cabins on the property designated for community use. In addition, TDS hosts its own outreach events, like hosting volunteers from Big Brothers Big Sisters on the ranch.
8. Moreover, TDS runs a drop-off center for items like grills, tools, bicycles condition and sells them at a garage sale, TDS also has a retail outlet for Compost products and sells topsoil, mulch, and compost produced an-site.
9. The Gregory brothers provide an example of how to run a profitable business to the needs of the community and is a great neighbor. One bonus of operating so well is that TDS can re-invest money into making improvements rather than fighting opposition in costly legal battles. Ultimately, TDS has shown that it owners mind doing business and are great neighbors, people are willing to welcome and fill in next door
Read this sentence from paragraph 1. 'People know that landfills are a disgusting, if necessary, evil and that they spread disease and pestilence throughout populated communities.' The reasoning in this sentence is unsound because it claims something is true simply because
Rationale
The reasoning in the sentence is unsound because it claims something is true simply because a popular opinion makes it correct.
The sentence makes a sweeping statement about landfills, describing them as 'disgusting', 'evil', and sources of 'disease and pestilence' without providing any evidence or reasoning for these claims. Instead, it seems to rely on the assumption that these are commonly held beliefs about landfills, implying that this alone is enough to make the claims true.
A) It has not been proven false. The sentence does not make its claims on the basis that they have not been proven false. There is no suggestion in the sentence that these negative characteristics of landfills have been tested and not disproven, which would be necessary for this reasoning to be correct.
B) Experts say it is. The sentence does not cite any experts or their opinions. The claims made in the sentence are not presented as the findings or assertions of experts in the field, but rather seem to be presented as common knowledge or popular belief.
C) A popular opinion makes it correct. The reasoning in the sentence hinges on the assumption that if many people believe something, it must be true. This is a logical fallacy known as argumentum ad populum, or appeal to the people, where a claim is considered true simply because many people believe it. In this case, the sentence seems to assume that because many people consider landfills to be 'disgusting' and 'evil', this must be an accurate reflection of reality.
D) It has always been that way. The sentence does not rely on tradition or historical precedent for its claims. There is no suggestion in the sentence that landfills have always been viewed this way and that this therefore makes the claims true.
Conclusion The sentence presents a negative view of landfills as a given, without providing any evidence or reasoning for this perspective. The claims made in the sentence seem to be based on the assumption that they reflect commonly held beliefs, suggesting that the reasoning is unsound because it assumes something is true simply because many people believe it. This is a logical fallacy and does not provide a sound basis for the claims made in the sentence.
"The Sentimentality of William Tavener"
by Willa Cather
1. It takes a strong woman to make any sort of success of living in the West, and Hester undoubtedly was that. When people spoke of Willlam Tavener as the most prosperous farmer in McPherson County, they usually added that his wife was a "good manager." She was an executive woman, quick of tongue and something of an imperatrix,; The only reason her husband did not consult her about his business was that she did not wait to be consulted.
2. It would have been quite impossible for one man, within the limited sphere of human action, to follow all Hester's advice, but in the end Willlam usually acted upon some of her suggestions. When she incessantly denounced the "shiftlessness" of letting a new threshing machine stand unprotected in the open, he eventually built a shed for it. When the first heavy rains came on, and the pigs rooted down the sod wall and made little path is all over it to facilitate their ascent, he heard his wife relate with relish the story of the little pig that built a mud house, to the minister at the dinner table, and William's gravity never relaxed for an instant: Hester, indeed, was William's refuge and his strength.
3. William set his boys a wholesome example to respect their mother: People who knew him very well suspected that he even admired her. He was a hard man towards his neighbors, and even towards his sons; grasping, determined and ambitious.
4. One spring night Hester sat in a rocking chair by the sitting room window, darning socks. She rocked violently and sent her long needle vigorously back and forth over her gourd, and it took only a very casual glance to see that she was wrought up over something. William sat on the other side of the table reading his farm paper. If he had noticed his wife's agitation, his calm, clean-shaven face betrayed no sign of concern. He must have noticed the sarcastic tum of her remarks at the supper table, and he must have noticed the moody silence of the older boys as they ate. But William Tavener never heeded ominous forecasts in the domestic horizon, and he never looked for a storm until it broke.
5. After supper the boys had gone to the pond under the willows it the big Cattle corral, to get rid of the dust of plowing. Hester could hear an occasional splash and a laugh ringing clear through the stillness of the night, as she sat by the open window. She was silent for almost an hour reviewing in her mind many plans of attack. But she was too vigorous a woman to be much of a strategist, and she usually came to her point with directness. At last she cut her thread and suddenly put her darning down, saying emphatically:
6. “William, I don't think it would hurt you to let the boys go to that circus in town tomorrowâ€Â
Give two details from the excerpt to the main ideas they support. 1. William appreciates Hester. 2. William understands Hester.
Rationale
William ignores Hester's agitation as she darns socks and William and Hester sit together in the evenings are the correct details that support the main ideas.
These two details from the excerpt point to the dynamics of William and Hester's relationship. They offer a glimpse into their routine interactions and how they understand and appreciate each other in their own ways.
A) Willer saw the same circus animals as Hester This choice is not mentioned in the given extract. The circus is only mentioned at the very end, in relation to allowing the boys to go there. It doesn't contribute to the main ideas of William appreciating Hester or William understanding Hester.
B) William ignores Hester's agitation as she darns socks This detail supports the main idea that William understands Hester. Even though Hester is upset and agitated, William is calm and doesn't show any signs of concern. This could suggest that he understands her moods and knows how to react or not react to them.
C) William and Hester sit together in the evenings This detail supports the main idea that William appreciates Hester. Their shared evening routine of sitting together signifies a sense of companionship and mutual respect. Despite their differences, they spend their evenings together, which indicates a level of appreciation and understanding between them.
D) William recognized Hester's fluency at prayer meetings This choice is not mentioned in the given extract. It doesn't contribute to the main ideas of William appreciating Hester or William understanding Hester.
Conclusion Details B and C from the extract support the main ideas of William appreciating and understanding Hester. William's calm demeanor in face of Hester's agitation indicates his understanding of her, while their shared evening routine reflects a level of appreciation and companionship. The other details A and D are either not mentioned in the extract or don't support the main ideas.
Excerpt from Susan B. Anthony's Address to Congress in 1868
After more than 100 years of struggle, women in the United States finally won the night to vote in 1920. Sulfragist Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906) dedicated her life to the cause of winning the vote for women. In 1866, Anthony read an appeal to the Congress of the United States for the enfranchisement of women.
“To the Senate and House of Representatives:
1. "Woman has always had the right to property and wages, the right to make contracts and do business in her own name. And even married women, by recent legislation, have been secured in these civil rights. Woman now holds a vast amount of the property in the country, and pays her full proportion of taxes. On what principle, then, do you deny her representation?
2. “We propose no new theories. We simply ask that you secure to ALL the practical application of the immutable principles of our government, without distinction of rack, color or sex, And we urge our demand now, because you have the opportunity and the power to take this onward step in legislation. The nations of the earth stand watching and waiting to see if our Revolutionary idea, "all men are created equal," con be realized in government: Crush not, we pray you, the million hopes that hang on our success. Men and parties must pass away, but justice is eternal.
3. "The only tenable ground of representation is UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE, as it is only through Universal Suffrage that the principle of "Equal Rights to All" can be resized. All prohibitions based on race, color, sex, property, or education, are violations of the republican idea. You assume to be the representatives of 15,000,000 women - American citizens- who already possess every attainable qualification for the ballot. Women read and write, hold many offices under government, pay taxes, and the penalties of crime, and yet are allowed to exercise but the one right of petition.
4. "With man, woman shared the dangers of the Mayflower on a stormy sea, the dreary landing on Plymouth Rock, the rigors of a New England winter, and the privations of a seven years' wait. With him she bravely threw off the British yoke, felt every pulsation of his heart for freedom, and inspires the glowing eloquence that maintained it through the century. With you we have just passed through the agony and death, the resurrection and triumph of another revolution, doing all in our power to mitigate is horrors and guard its glories. And now thank you we have no souls to fire, no brains to weigh your arguments, that after education such as this, we can stand silent witnesses while you sell our birthright of liberty to save from a timely death an effete political organization? No, as we respect womanhood, we must protest against this desecration of the magna Carta of American Liberties; and with an impartiality not to be'
In her blog, Rodriguez writes from the perspective of a student who is
Rationale
Rodriguez is advocating for women's rights in her blog.
Rodriguez makes an appeal for women's rights, employing the historical context of the suffragist movement and referencing Susan B. Anthony's address to Congress. Her writings focus on the need for gender equality, particularly in relation to voting rights, making it clear that she is advocating for women's rights.
A) Campaigning in a student election While Rodriguez does discuss the importance of voting rights, her focus is on the broader historical context of women's suffrage, rather than on a specific student election. There is no evidence in the text that suggests she is involved in or commenting on a student electoral campaign.
B) Commenting on a famous suffragist Though Rodriguez does mention Susan B. Anthony, a famous suffragist, her main objective is not to comment on this individual specifically. Rather, she uses Anthony's words to bolster her argument for women's rights. Therefore, her perspective is not primarily that of a commentator on a famous suffragist.
C) Advocating for women's rights Rodriguez's blog clearly demonstrates her advocacy for women's rights. She references the historical fight for women's suffrage, presents arguments for equal representation, and challenges prohibitions based on sex. This indicates that her primary role is as an advocate for women's rights.
D) Documenting an event Although Rodriguez refers to historical events, such as Susan B. Anthony's address to Congress and the fight for women's suffrage, she is not merely documenting these events. Instead, she uses them as support for her advocacy for women's rights. Her blog post is not a neutral documentation of an event but a persuasive piece advocating for gender equality.
Conclusion Rodriguez's blog post is primarily an advocacy for women's rights. She leverages historical context and the words of Susan B. Anthony to argue for the necessity of gender equality, particularly in relation to voting rights. While she does reference historical events and figures, her main objective is not to document these events or comment on these figures, but to advocate for women's rights. Similarly, while she discusses voting rights, she does not focus on a specific student election, making her perspective broader than a campaign context.
by Elizabeth Graver
Someone was stealing his honey. He had no idea how long it had been going on; he didn't keep close track of the stand. But one morning, as Burl turned into his driveway after making a delivery in town, he noticed that the jars were lined up in a neat row like soldiers standing at attention. He pulled over, figuring one of the widows must have come by, bought a jar and done a little housekeeping. He had started helping them with odd jobs after their husbands died, and now they seemed to see him as a fix-up project of their own. But when he went over and shook the cashbox, he found it empty. There were six jars that day (for some reason he counted), with three inches between each jar and their fronts perfectly aligned, the sample jar standing in front of them like their captain.
The next day he walked down the driveway with three more jars-honey from last year's flow, but people knew the season was about to start and would be stopping by. This time he found four jars set apart from one another in two neat pairs, with the sample jar off by itself.
"Looky here, an artiste," he said to Lissa, who was sniffing after something in the grass. Two jars sold, he supposed, only when he shook the cash box, he found that it was, once again, empty. “I take it back. Someone took them. Who would do that?"
It wasn't a big deal, only six dollars and each year he gave away pounds of honey anyway. Probably the person had been out of cash and would bring the money by later. At the end of the day, though, he checked again-still nothing. Anyone who knew him would have left a note scrawled on the back of a napkin or old receipt-Hi B. IOU 6. No, this visitor had fiddled around with his jars, then taken two.
That night, as he lay bored and hot in bed, he began, like Lissa with a good bone, to gnaw. It wasn't just a few missing jars that were the trouble; it was the state of things in general. You couldn't sell on an honor system anymore, not even out here. You had to wholesale to the supermarkets, but they'd only buy from Sue Bee, which mixed its honey in giant vats so the color would be the same bland shade in every jar. It was the economy, the pesticides, the land-use laws, yet the confusing thing was that it was nature, too, creatures so small you could barely see them, red specks the size of a pinhead, hairy shells with eight tenacious legs and jaws that could bring down the world.
It was opening up a hive he'd thought might make it through the winter and finding it strewn like a war zone, dead bees everywhere, the green honey uncapped, bee carcasses drying out. Aristotle had placed bees higher than humans on a scale, believing that in bees the laws of nature were expressed far more perfectly and firmly. Burl had pondered that after he read it. Did it mean that the bees' ways were simply starker, less muddied, an engine aimed entirely at the survival of the group? He wasn't sure, knew only that over the years he had found a deep pleasure, even a comfort, in his bees.
He loved watching them in spring, seeing the field bees leave the hive and head into the fields, how they left empty and came back with their bellies full, their rear legs loaded up. He loved walking toward his bees on a July night and picking up the scent of nectar before he reached the hive. Inside, the bees were fanning water from the nectar. if he stood near enough, he could feel a draft play around his feet.
In this excerpt, the author suggests that Burl needs help
Rationale
Burl needs help solving a mystery that troubles him.
In the passage, Burl is depicted as a beekeeper who is facing an issue of honey theft. The stolen honey and the empty cashbox suggest a mystery that Burl is grappling with. He is troubled by the state of things in general and seeks to understand who might be taking his jars of honey without leaving any payment or note behind.
A) solving a mystery that troubles him. This is the correct answer. Burl is dealing with the mystery of who is stealing his honey. This is evident as he contemplates the neatly arranged jars and the consistently empty cashbox. The mystery troubles him to the extent that he even thinks about it while in bed.
B) cleaning out his honey stand. The text does not suggest that Burl needs help in cleaning out his honey stand. While the jars are described as being neatly arranged, this is not attributed to Burl needing assistance with tidiness but rather indicates an unknown individual's actions.
C) working at his honey stand. There is no indication in the extract that Burl requires assistance with working at his honey stand. His work as a beekeeper seems to be something he has done for years and takes pleasure in, with no mention of needing help.
D) making personal improvements. Although Burl is described as a 'fix-up project' by the widows he helps, this is not directly related to the main issue of the passage, which is the mystery of the stolen honey. The text does not suggest that Burl needs help with personal improvements.
Conclusion The passage suggests that Burl is facing a mystery regarding the disappearance of his honey jars. He is troubled by this situation and seeks to solve the mystery. The other options, including needing help with cleaning his honey stand, working at his stand, or making personal improvements, are not supported by the text.
by Elizabeth Graver
Someone was stealing his honey. He had no idea how long it had been going on; he didn't keep close track of the stand. But one morning, as Burl turned into his driveway after making a delivery in town, he noticed that the jars were lined up in a neat row like soldiers standing at attention. He pulled over, figuring one of the widows must have come by, bought a jar and done a little housekeeping. He had started helping them with odd jobs after their husbands died, and now they seemed to see him as a fix-up project of their own. But when he went over and shook the cashbox, he found it empty. There were six jars that day (for some reason he counted), with three inches between each jar and their fronts perfectly aligned, the sample jar standing in front of them like their captain.
The next day he walked down the driveway with three more jars-honey from last year's flow, but people knew the season was about to start and would be stopping by. This time he found four jars set apart from one another in two neat pairs, with the sample jar off by itself.
"Looky here, an artiste," he said to Lissa, who was sniffing after something in the grass. Two jars sold, he supposed, only when he shook the cash box, he found that it was, once again, empty. “I take it back. Someone took them. Who would do that?"
It wasn't a big deal, only six dollars and each year he gave away pounds of honey anyway. Probably the person had been out of cash and would bring the money by later. At the end of the day, though, he checked again-still nothing. Anyone who knew him would have left a note scrawled on the back of a napkin or old receipt-Hi B. IOU 6. No, this visitor had fiddled around with his jars, then taken two.
That night, as he lay bored and hot in bed, he began, like Lissa with a good bone, to gnaw. It wasn't just a few missing jars that were the trouble; it was the state of things in general. You couldn't sell on an honor system anymore, not even out here. You had to wholesale to the supermarkets, but they'd only buy from Sue Bee, which mixed its honey in giant vats so the color would be the same bland shade in every jar. It was the economy, the pesticides, the land-use laws, yet the confusing thing was that it was nature, too, creatures so small you could barely see them, red specks the size of a pinhead, hairy shells with eight tenacious legs and jaws that could bring down the world.
It was opening up a hive he'd thought might make it through the winter and finding it strewn like a war zone, dead bees everywhere, the green honey uncapped, bee carcasses drying out. Aristotle had placed bees higher than humans on a scale, believing that in bees the laws of nature were expressed far more perfectly and firmly. Burl had pondered that after he read it. Did it mean that the bees' ways were simply starker, less muddied, an engine aimed entirely at the survival of the group? He wasn't sure, knew only that over the years he had found a deep pleasure, even a comfort, in his bees.
He loved watching them in spring, seeing the field bees leave the hive and head into the fields, how they left empty and came back with their bellies full, their rear legs loaded up. He loved walking toward his bees on a July night and picking up the scent of nectar before he reached the hive. Inside, the bees were fanning water from the nectar. if he stood near enough, he could feel a draft play around his feet.
What challenge does Burl face?
Rationale
Burl faces the challenge of ensuring the survival of his hives.
In the extract, Burl is a beekeeper who discovers that his honey jars are being stolen, but a greater problem he contends with is the survival of his bee hives. The text describes how he finds a hive he hoped would make it through the winter to be a "war zone", with dead bees everywhere. This indicates that Burl is struggling with keeping his bees alive and his hives thriving, which is crucial to his honey production.
A) The isolation in his work While it is true that beekeeping can be a solitary task, the text does not focus on or highlight any specific challenges arising from Burl's isolation. He does interact with others, such as the widows he helps, and even talks to his dog, Lissa. There is no indication that isolation is a significant issue for him.
B) How to improve his health There is no mention of Burl's health being a concern or a challenge that he needs to address. The text does not discuss any health issues or concerns related to Burl's physical or mental wellbeing. Thus, this is not a correct answer.
C) How to manage his time Again, the text does not provide information that suggests Burl is struggling with time management. He seems to have a routine of checking his hives and selling his honey, and no issues are raised about him having difficulties managing these tasks or any other aspects of his time.
D) The survival of the hives As previously explained, the survival of the hives is a major concern for Burl. He finds one of his hives in a state akin to a "war zone", with dead bees everywhere. This indicates that he is struggling to keep his bees alive and his hives functional, which is a significant part of his work as a beekeeper.
Conclusion In the given extract, the primary challenge Burl faces is ensuring the survival of his hives. His concern about the state of his hives is mentioned explicitly in the text, while other potential issues like isolation, health, or time management are not addressed or implied. Therefore, the survival of his hives is the correct answer.
by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
translated from the Spanish by John Ormsby
1. At this point they came in sight of thirty or forty windmills that were on the plain, and as soon as Don Quixote saw them he said ta his squire, "Fortune is arranging matters for us better than we could have shaped our desiress ourselves, for look there, friend Sancho Panza, when thirty or more monstrous giants present themselves, all of whom I mean to engage in battle and stay, and with whose spoils we shall begin to make our fortunes; for this is righteous warfare, and it is God's good service to sweep so evil a breed from off the face of the earth."
2. "What giants?" said Sancho Panza.
3. "Those thou seest there." answered his master; "with the long arms, and some nave them nearly two leagues long.'
4. "Lock, your warship," said Sancho, "what we see there are not giants but windmills, and what seem to be their arms are the sails that turned by the wind make the millstone go."
5. "It is easy to see," replied Don Quixote, "that thou art not used to this business of adventures those are giants; and it thou art afraid, away with thee out of this and betake thyself to prayer while I engage them in fierce and unequal combat.
6. So saying, he gave the spur to his steed Rocinante, heedless of the cries his squire Sancho sent after him, warning him that most certainty they were windmills and not giants he was going to attack. He, however, was so positive they were giants that he neither heard the cries of Sancho, nor perceived, near as he was, what they were, but made at them shouting, "Fly not, cowards and vile beings, for a single knight. attacks you."
7. A slight breeze at this moment sprang up, and the great sails began to move, seeing which
Don Quixote exclaimed, “Though ye flourish more arms than the giant Briareus, ye have to
reckon with me.â€Â
8. So saying, and commending himself with all his heart to his lady Dulcinea, imploring her to support him in such a pert, with lance in rest, and covered by his buckler, he charged at Rocinante's fullest gallop and fell upon the first mill that stood in front of him, but as he drove his lance point into the sail the wind whirled it round with such force that it shivered the lance to pieces, sweeping win it horse and rider, who went rolling over on the plan, in a sorry condition. Sancho hastened to his assistance as fast as his donkey could go, and when he came up found Don Quixote unable to move, with such a shock had Rocinante fallen with him
9. “God bless me!" said Sancho. "Did I not tell your worship to mind what you were about, for they were only windmills? And no one could have made any mistake about it but one who had something of the same kind in his head."
10. “Hush, friend Sancho," replied Don Quixote, "the fortunes of war more than any other are liable to frequent fluctuations; and moreover I think, and it is the truth, that that same sage Friston who carried off my study and books, has turned these giants into mills in order to rob me of the glory of vanquishing them, such is the enmity he bears me; but in the and his wicked
And no one could have made any mistake about it but one who had something of the same kind in his head.' In this sentence, Sancho Panza is stating that
Rationale
Don Quixote has a distorted vision of the world.
In the sentence, Sancho Panza explicitly refers to Don Quixote's misinterpretation of windmills as giants, implying that Don Quixote holds a distorted or fantastical perception of the world around him. This theme is a recurring one throughout the story of Don Quixote, where the protagonist often confuses reality with his chivalric fantasies.
A) he and Don Quixote have a relationship that While the relationship between Sancho Panza and Don Quixote is a central theme in the text, this sentence does not directly refer to the nature of their relationship. Sancho is commenting on Don Quixote's misperception, not on any aspect of their interpersonal dynamic.
B) he and Don Quixote think alike. In fact, this sentence suggests the opposite. Sancho Panza is expressing that he does not share Don Quixote's distorted view of the world, as evidenced by his correct identification of the windmills and his disbelief at Don Quixote's insistence that they are giants.
C) Don Quixote makes hasty decisions. While Don Quixote's decision to attack the windmills might be seen as hasty, the sentence in question is specifically highlighting his distorted perception, not his decision-making process.
D) Don Quixote has a distorted vision of the world. Sancho Panza's remark underscores Don Quixote's tendency to distort reality in accordance with his chivalric fantasies, as demonstrated by his misidentification of windmills as giants. This sentence highlights the gap between Don Quixote's fantastical perception and the objective reality that Sancho Panza observes.
Conclusion Sancho Panza's statement, "And no one could have made any mistake about it but one who had something of the same kind in his head", is a direct reference to Don Quixote's distorted vision of the world. While the text presents several aspects of Don Quixote's character and his relationship with Sancho Panza, this particular sentence primarily emphasizes his skewed perception of reality.
The Letter of the Law
by Anne Versteen
1. In 1979, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company in Gadsden, Alabama, hired Lilly Ledbetter: She worked long hours as an overnight supervisor on the late shift from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. and labored alongside men for nearly 20 years, doing the same work as they did for the company.
2. By the time she was ready to retire in 1998, Ledbetter was earning $3,727 per month. She had no idea what the men were making in comparison to her until shortly before her retirement. As her last days on the job drew near, she learned that her male counterparts, who held her same position and worked the same job, were all being paid substantially more than she was. They made between 54,286 and $5,236 per month. Company policy prohibited employees from speaking to one another about pay, so Ledbetter had not known all those years that her wages were less than those of her male equivalents.
3. Understandably, Ledbetter felt cheated and filed a complaint against Goodyear with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Then she sued the company for gender discrimination in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, alleging that the company had given her a low salary because of her gender. Goodyear denied her allegations, stating that Ledbetter was paid less because the quality of her work was poor. A jury awarded Ledbetter $3.6 million. Even though the amount was reduced to $300,000 by a district court, she had still won a monumental case for the cause of women everywhere.
4. Good year appealed and the 2007 employment discrimination case Ledbetter v. Goodyear eventually reached the Supreme Court, The Court ruled by A 5-4 vote that Ledbetter's claim was time-barred by Title VII's limitations period. Title VII holds discriminatory intent or the deliberate act of causing harm, as a crucial element of a claim, and Ledbetter would have needed to file within 180 days of a discriminatory salary decision to fall within the alloted time period. The court did not consider it relevant that the paychecks Ledbetter received within 180 days before her claim were affected by past discrimination. Unfortunately, each instance of Goodyear's discriminatory intent fell outside the limitation period
5. The Court stated that the short statute of limitations, the period of time an employee has to file a complaint against the employer, is intended to ensure quick resolution or pay. Such instances become more difficult to defend as time passes. If the Court had accepted Ledbetter's argument, the decision would have allowed discriminatory pay decisions from years ago to be the subject of Title VII claims, In dissent. Justice Ruth Bader Ginshury clearly sided with Ledbetter, calling the majority's ruling a cramped interpretation of Title VII, incompatible with the statute's broad..
A slight breeze at this moment sprang up, and the great sails began to move, seeing which Don Quixote exclaimed, 'Though ye flourish more arms than the giant Briareus, ye have to reckon with me.' According to Greek legend, Briareus was a giant with a hundred arms and fifty heads who helped the gods in battles against foes. How does the author's comparison of the windmills to mythological giant function in the excerpt?
Rationale
The comparison supports the author's characterization of Don Quixote as brave but misguided.
In the excerpt, Don Quixote perceives the windmills as mythological giants, demonstrating his bravery in facing what he perceives to be a formidable adversary. However, his misinterpretation of windmills as giants also portrays him as misguided and delusional, reinforcing the author's characterization of him as a well-meaning but mistaken hero.
A) The comparison advances the author's perspective about the dangers involved in acting before considering the consequences While Don Quixote's rashness in attacking the windmills does illustrate the potential dangers of acting without reflection, the specific comparison to the giant Briareus is not directly used to advance this perspective. The comparison is more focused on Don Quixote's bravery and misinterpretation rather than highlighting the broader dangers of impulsive actions.
B) The comparison supports the author's characterization of Don Quixote as brave but misguided. This is the correct answer. Don Quixote's readiness to engage in battle with what he believes are giants displays his bravery, while his misperception of the windmills reveals his misguided nature. The comparison to the giant Briareus serves to heighten these aspects of his character.
C) The comparison advances the author's view that helping someone in need is an indication of true friendship. While the character of Sancho Panza does display friendship towards Don Quixote, the comparison of the windmills to the giant Briareus does not specifically advance this view. The comparison is primarily focused on Don Quixote's bravery and misinterpretation, not on themes of friendship or assistance.
D) The comparison supports the author's purpose of showing the foolishness of Don Quixote for attacking windmills While Don Quixote's attack on the windmills does portray him as foolish to some extent, the comparison to the giant Briareus extends beyond mere foolishness. It portrays him as brave for taking on a perceived formidable foe, while also showing him as misguided for misinterpreting the windmills as giants.
Conclusion The comparison of the windmills to the mythological giant Briareus in the excerpt from Don Quixote serves to support the author's characterization of Don Quixote as brave but misguided. While other themes such as the dangers of acting impulsively, friendship, and foolishness are present in the excerpt, these are not directly advanced by the specific comparison in question.
1. “Water is currently the leading renewable energy source used by electric utilities to
generate electric power.â€Â
Energy Information Administration (EIA)
2. A predominant source of hydroelectric power is moving water-the water that runs in rivers, streams, and other waterways. The moving water turns turbines, which can resemble large propellers or fan blades. As a turbine spins, an axle at its center also spins. Machines then use this constant spinning motion to convert the energy of the moving water into electricity. On a larger scale, the world's oceans are also moving-in currents throughout these vast bodies of water, and as waves along hundreds of thousands of miles of coastline. As with land-based waterways, the power of ocean waves could be used to produce electricity. Currently, the technology exists to meet a significant portion of the world's energy demands by converting wave power to electricity.
Methods for Capturing Wave Power
3. There are several types of devices used to capture ocean wave power, such as point absorbers, terminators (also called oscillating water columns'), and attenuators? (see Table 1). Additionally, there are several methods and locations of deployment for these devices, including fixed and floating, and onshore, near shore, and offshore. Together, the wave-capturing device, the deployment method, and the deployment location determine the amount of energy captured and available for conversion into electricity. See Table 1 for examples of wave-capturing devices, deployment methods, and deployment locations.
Advantages and Disadvantages
4. As with any technology that converts our world's resources to energy, there are advantages and disadvantages to using ocean wave power. Supporters of the technology point to a critical advantage-ocean wave power does not release heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. Additionally, if ocean wave power provides a portion of the electricity currently being met by fossil fuel power, then fewer fossil fuels will be burned and, in turn, fewer heat-trapping gases will be released. Thus, ocean wave power can lead to a reduction in heat-trapping gases accumulating in the atmosphere. Proponents of using ocean waves to generate power cite another advantage: the technology does not use or waste water, but merely displaces it.
5. These arguments are countered by opponents of ocean wave power, who contend that disadvantages of using waves to generate electricity are more numerous than the advantages. They argue that the technology is likely to disrupt marine ecosystems and introduce pollutants into marine waters. Specifically, energy collection and conversion devices may disrupt migratory patterns, expose marine animals to risk of entanglement in the equipment, and repel or attract species to such a degree that ecosystems are thrown out of balance. Adversaries of the technology do not limit their argument to the environmental impact of ocean wave technology. Instead, they claim that deploying ocean wave devices could also disrupt the relationships that people have with the oceans by ruining their views of the seaside.
6. Whether one is a proponent or opponent of harnessing the ocean's wave power for our own use, it is clear that there are benefits and pitfalls to the technology. Advocates of ocean wave power argue that cleaner energy production is worth the risk of disrupting marine habitats. But people who challenge the use of ocean wave power counter that any risk to our fragile ecosystems is too much of a risk.
What information does the author provide about wave-capturing devices in both the chart and the article?
Rationale
The author provides information about where wave-capturing devices are located and how they work.
In the extract, the author discusses various types of devices used to capture ocean wave power and how these devices function to convert the energy of moving water into electricity. The author further elaborates on the different methods and locations of deployment for these devices, thereby detailing where they are located.
A) how they are made and which countries utilize them The text does not provide information on how wave-capturing devices are made or which countries utilize them. The focus is primarily on how these devices function and where they are deployed, not their manufacturing process or geographical usage.
B) where they are located and how they work This is the correct answer. The author discusses the various types of wave-capturing devices and how they work to convert wave power into electricity. Additionally, the text outlines the different deployment methods and locations for these devices, thus detailing where they are situated.
C) who makes them and for what purpose The text does not provide information on who specifically manufactures these devices. While it does mention the purpose of these devices, which is to convert wave power into electricity, the information about who produces them is not given.
D) how much electricity they generate and where they are positioned The author does not mention how much electricity these devices generate. While the text does discuss where they are positioned, the information about electricity generation is not provided.
Conclusion The author provides information about how wave-capturing devices work to convert wave power into electricity and the various methods and locations of their deployment. The author does not discuss aspects such as who manufactures these devices, how much electricity they generate, how they are made, or which countries utilize them. The primary focus is on the functioning and deployment of these devices.
by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
translated from the Spanish by John Ormsby
1. At this point they came in sight of thirty or forty windmills that were on the plain, and as soon as Don Quixote saw them he said ta his squire, "Fortune is arranging matters for us better than we could have shaped our desiress ourselves, for look there, friend Sancho Panza, when thirty or more monstrous giants present themselves, all of whom I mean to engage in battle and stay, and with whose spoils we shall begin to make our fortunes; for this is righteous warfare, and it is God's good service to sweep so evil a breed from off the face of the earth."
2. "What giants?" said Sancho Panza.
3. "Those thou seest there." answered his master; "with the long arms, and some nave them nearly two leagues long.'
4. "Lock, your warship," said Sancho, "what we see there are not giants but windmills, and what seem to be their arms are the sails that turned by the wind make the millstone go."
5. "It is easy to see," replied Don Quixote, "that thou art not used to this business of adventures those are giants; and it thou art afraid, away with thee out of this and betake thyself to prayer while I engage them in fierce and unequal combat.
6. So saying, he gave the spur to his steed Rocinante, heedless of the cries his squire Sancho sent after him, warning him that most certainty they were windmills and not giants he was going to attack. He, however, was so positive they were giants that he neither heard the cries of Sancho, nor perceived, near as he was, what they were, but made at them shouting, "Fly not, cowards and vile beings, for a single knight. attacks you."
7. A slight breeze at this moment sprang up, and the great sails began to move, seeing which
Don Quixote exclaimed, “Though ye flourish more arms than the giant Briareus, ye have to
reckon with me.â€Â
8. So saying, and commending himself with all his heart to his lady Dulcinea, imploring her to support him in such a pert, with lance in rest, and covered by his buckler, he charged at Rocinante's fullest gallop and fell upon the first mill that stood in front of him, but as he drove his lance point into the sail the wind whirled it round with such force that it shivered the lance to pieces, sweeping win it horse and rider, who went rolling over on the plan, in a sorry condition. Sancho hastened to his assistance as fast as his donkey could go, and when he came up found Don Quixote unable to move, with such a shock had Rocinante fallen with him
9. “God bless me!" said Sancho. "Did I not tell your worship to mind what you were about, for they were only windmills? And no one could have made any mistake about it but one who had something of the same kind in his head."
10. “Hush, friend Sancho," replied Don Quixote, "the fortunes of war more than any other are liable to frequent fluctuations; and moreover I think, and it is the truth, that that same sage Friston who carried off my study and books, has turned these giants into mills in order to rob me of the glory of vanquishing them, such is the enmity he bears me; but in the and his wicked
Which summary best describes the events found in paragraphs 1-4 of the excerpt?
Rationale
Don Quixote and Sancho came to a field of windmills, which Don Quixote says are giants that he will destroy. Sancho tries to convince Don Quixote these are really windmills.
This option correctly summarizes the events in paragraphs 1-4. Don Quixote perceives the windmills as giants and expresses his intention to attack them. Sancho, on the other hand, correctly identifies them as windmills and tries to correct his master's misperception.
A) Don Quixote and Sancho seek to make their fortunes, and Don Quixote sees their opportunity when they discover a field of windmills. The field has thirty or forty windmills. While it's true that Don Quixote sees an opportunity for adventure when they discover the windmills, this option does not include Sancho's attempt to correct Don Quixote's misperception of the windmills as giants, which is a key event in these paragraphs.
C) Don Quixote and Sancho find a field of windmills. Sancho explains to Don Quixote that the wind blows the sails and turns the millstone. This option only partially describes the events. It does not include Don Quixote's belief that the windmills are giants, and his intention to fight them, both of which are significant events in these paragraphs.
D) Don Quixote and Sancho discover a field of giants disguised as windmills. Don Quixote vows to defeat the giants, but Sancho is afraid and tries to convince Don Quixote not to fight. This option inaccurately describes the events. The windmills are not giants disguised as windmills, but Don Quixote perceives them as such due to his delusion. Additionally, Sancho isn't depicted as being afraid in these paragraphs.
Conclusion The best summary of the events in paragraphs 1-4 of the excerpt is that Don Quixote and Sancho encounter a field of windmills. Don Quixote misinterprets them as giants and declares his intention to battle them, while Sancho tries to correct his master's misperception by insisting that they are just windmills. The other options either leave out significant details or inaccurately depict the events.
by Elizabeth Graver
Someone was stealing his honey. He had no idea how long it had been going on; he didn't keep close track of the stand. But one morning, as Burl turned into his driveway after making a delivery in town, he noticed that the jars were lined up in a neat row like soldiers standing at attention. He pulled over, figuring one of the widows must have come by, bought a jar and done a little housekeeping. He had started helping them with odd jobs after their husbands died, and now they seemed to see him as a fix-up project of their own. But when he went over and shook the cashbox, he found it empty. There were six jars that day (for some reason he counted), with three inches between each jar and their fronts perfectly aligned, the sample jar standing in front of them like their captain.
The next day he walked down the driveway with three more jars-honey from last year's flow, but people knew the season was about to start and would be stopping by. This time he found four jars set apart from one another in two neat pairs, with the sample jar off by itself.
"Looky here, an artiste," he said to Lissa, who was sniffing after something in the grass. Two jars sold, he supposed, only when he shook the cash box, he found that it was, once again, empty. “I take it back. Someone took them. Who would do that?"
It wasn't a big deal, only six dollars and each year he gave away pounds of honey anyway. Probably the person had been out of cash and would bring the money by later. At the end of the day, though, he checked again-still nothing. Anyone who knew him would have left a note scrawled on the back of a napkin or old receipt-Hi B. IOU 6. No, this visitor had fiddled around with his jars, then taken two.
That night, as he lay bored and hot in bed, he began, like Lissa with a good bone, to gnaw. It wasn't just a few missing jars that were the trouble; it was the state of things in general. You couldn't sell on an honor system anymore, not even out here. You had to wholesale to the supermarkets, but they'd only buy from Sue Bee, which mixed its honey in giant vats so the color would be the same bland shade in every jar. It was the economy, the pesticides, the land-use laws, yet the confusing thing was that it was nature, too, creatures so small you could barely see them, red specks the size of a pinhead, hairy shells with eight tenacious legs and jaws that could bring down the world.
It was opening up a hive he'd thought might make it through the winter and finding it strewn like a war zone, dead bees everywhere, the green honey uncapped, bee carcasses drying out. Aristotle had placed bees higher than humans on a scale, believing that in bees the laws of nature were expressed far more perfectly and firmly. Burl had pondered that after he read it. Did it mean that the bees' ways were simply starker, less muddied, an engine aimed entirely at the survival of the group? He wasn't sure, knew only that over the years he had found a deep pleasure, even a comfort, in his bees.
He loved watching them in spring, seeing the field bees leave the hive and head into the fields, how they left empty and came back with their bellies full, their rear legs loaded up. He loved walking toward his bees on a July night and picking up the scent of nectar before he reached the hive. Inside, the bees were fanning water from the nectar. if he stood near enough, he could feel a draft play around his feet.
Which statement best summarizes this story?
Rationale
A beekeeper realizes someone is stealing his honey and this causes him to think of other struggles he faces.
The story revolves around a beekeeper named Burl who finds that someone has been stealing honey from his stand. This incident prompts him to reflect on the various challenges and issues he encounters in his beekeeping business and life in general.
A) A small community depends on the kindness and hard work of a beekeeper. This choice is incorrect because, although Burl helps widows in the community with odd jobs, the story does not primarily focus on the community's dependence on him. The main event is Burl discovering the theft of his honey, not his interactions with the community.
C) A clever thief enjoys confusing a beekeeper and stealing from people in a small community. The text does not give any indication of the thief's enjoyment in confusing the beekeeper or stealing from others in the community. The thief's actions and motivations are not explored or elaborated upon, making this option incorrect.
D) A beekeeper dreads competition with other honey producers and considers the difficulties of raising bees. While Burl does reflect on the challenges of beekeeping, including issues with the economy, pesticides, and land-use laws, there is no mention of him dreading competition with other honey producers specifically. Thus, this choice does not accurately summarize the story.
Conclusion The story primarily focuses on Burl, a beekeeper, who discovers that someone has been stealing his honey, which leads him to ponder the various difficulties he faces in his work and life. Therefore, the statement that best summarizes this story is that "A beekeeper realizes someone is stealing his honey and this causes him to think of other struggles he faces."
"The Sentimentality of William Tavener"
by Willa Cather
1. It takes a strong woman to make any sort of success of living in the West, and Hester undoubtedly was that. When people spoke of Willlam Tavener as the most prosperous farmer in McPherson County, they usually added that his wife was a "good manager." She was an executive woman, quick of tongue and something of an imperatrix,; The only reason her husband did not consult her about his business was that she did not wait to be consulted.
2. It would have been quite impossible for one man, within the limited sphere of human action, to follow all Hester's advice, but in the end Willlam usually acted upon some of her suggestions. When she incessantly denounced the "shiftlessness" of letting a new threshing machine stand unprotected in the open, he eventually built a shed for it. When the first heavy rains came on, and the pigs rooted down the sod wall and made little path is all over it to facilitate their ascent, he heard his wife relate with relish the story of the little pig that built a mud house, to the minister at the dinner table, and William's gravity never relaxed for an instant: Hester, indeed, was William's refuge and his strength.
3. William set his boys a wholesome example to respect their mother: People who knew him very well suspected that he even admired her. He was a hard man towards his neighbors, and even towards his sons; grasping, determined and ambitious.
4. One spring night Hester sat in a rocking chair by the sitting room window, darning socks. She rocked violently and sent her long needle vigorously back and forth over her gourd, and it took only a very casual glance to see that she was wrought up over something. William sat on the other side of the table reading his farm paper. If he had noticed his wife's agitation, his calm, clean-shaven face betrayed no sign of concern. He must have noticed the sarcastic tum of her remarks at the supper table, and he must have noticed the moody silence of the older boys as they ate. But William Tavener never heeded ominous forecasts in the domestic horizon, and he never looked for a storm until it broke.
5. After supper the boys had gone to the pond under the willows it the big Cattle corral, to get rid of the dust of plowing. Hester could hear an occasional splash and a laugh ringing clear through the stillness of the night, as she sat by the open window. She was silent for almost an hour reviewing in her mind many plans of attack. But she was too vigorous a woman to be much of a strategist, and she usually came to her point with directness. At last she cut her thread and suddenly put her darning down, saying emphatically:
6. “William, I don't think it would hurt you to let the boys go to that circus in town tomorrowâ€Â
What was the main purpose for Anthony's speech?
Rationale
Susan B. Anthony's main purpose for her speech was to implore Congress to extend the right to vote to women.
In her address to Congress in 1866, Anthony outlined the unjust discrepancy between the civil rights women already possessed, such as the right to property and wages, and their lack of suffrage. She made a compelling argument for universal suffrage by emphasizing women's contributions to society and their role in history.
A) To implore Congress to extend the right to vote to women This is the correct answer. Throughout her speech, Anthony urges Congress to secure women's suffrage. Her argument is based on the principle of equal rights for all, stating that any prohibitions based on sex are violations of the republican idea.
B) To clarify the principles that guided the establishment laws in the United States While Anthony does reference American principles such as "all men are created equal", she does so to underscore her argument for voting rights for women. Her aim is not to clarify these principles but to highlight their application to women's suffrage.
C) To describe the role women have played in history in the United States Anthony does mention the historical role of women to further her argument for suffrage, but this is not the main purpose of her speech. She uses these examples to illustrate the injustice of denying voting rights to women who have contributed to the country.
D) To remind Congress of the property rights given to women Anthony mentions that women have the right to property and wages as part of her argument. However, her main purpose is not to remind Congress of these rights, but to point out the inconsistency between these rights and the denial of suffrage to women.
Conclusion Susan B. Anthony's principal aim in her address to Congress was to advocate for the extension of voting rights to women. She used examples of the existing rights of women and their historical contributions to highlight the injustice of their disqualification from suffrage. Other points in her speech, such as the clarification of American principles and the reminder of women's property rights, serve to bolster her main argument rather than serving as the primary focus of her appeal.
by Susanne Dunlap
I thought a lot, at the beginning, about my father playing the violin. I still remember the first time I ever saw a concert. I was very small, and we had just come to Esterhaza, a magnificent palace in Sopron, Hungary, when the prince's household moved there from his winter palace, at Eisenstadt, near Vienna. I think it may have been the first concert Papa took part in there. I had a new dress for the occasion, and Mama looked beautiful. I don't think Toby was born yet, or if he was, he was a small baby and stayed in our rooms with a nurse.
The palace at Esterháza was so new that it still smelled of raw wood and paint. The rooms were very grand. I had never seen so many candles in one place before. And they were expensive wax candles, not foul-smelling tallow. We stood to the side to watch the fine ladies enter. I thought they looked like dolls; their faces were so perfect. Later my mother told me that they painted them with white lead to make their skin artificially smooth and pale, and then rubbed rouge into their cheeks and lips, and drew lines of charcoal around their eyes so they would appear larger. And the headdresses-in those days the fashion was to have hair that towered up, stuck into place with diamond combs, with ribbons and pearls festooned around. And no matter what color it was naturally, ladies powdered their hair to snowy whiteness, so that the light of the candies was magnified by the glow from the people themselves.
And the men, too, were powdered and patched. Their gold buttons and lace were almost as gaudy as the ladies' finery. But the enormous panniers that held the ladies' skirts out to the side so far that they had to move sideways through doorways fascinated me most of all. I could barely be persuaded to turn my eyes to the orchestra when the concert started.
We were not seated with the guests. In fact, I think we were tucked away in an anteroom. The door was open so we could see through, and everyone pushed me forward to let me watch my father, who looked up now and again from the music and gave me a quick smile. The candlelight danced over the rich wood of his violin, the beautiful Italian instrument, an old Amati, that my grandfather had given him. Kapellmeister Haydn-who was also my godfather-sat at the harpsichord, smiling broadly all the time, waving one hand in the air to direct, then putting it back on the keys and instead using his head, bobbing and nodding to bring the winds in, or to indicate the entrance for the cellos. He looked like the music, 1 remember thinking. I wish I could bring that particular sound to my mind, but it has since blended with countless, other concert. I'll always remember what it looked like, though. The light shimmering glow of everything and everyone.
sselect two of the four details from the excerpt into the chart to show which main idea each supports. 1. The narrator is imaginative. 2. The narrator is observant.
Rationale
The correct choices that demonstrate the narrator's imaginativeness and observativeness are A) The narrator thinks the director looks like the music, and B) The narrator notices the candlelight reflected off the violin.
The passage shows the narrator's keen observation skills and imaginative mind as they describe the scene of the concert. The narrator's details about the director and the violin's appearance under the candlelight provide insights into the main ideas that the narrator is observant and imaginative.
A) The narrator thinks the director looks like the music. This choice illustrates the narrator's imaginative nature. The narrator doesn't just observe the director physically; they also associate him with the music he is directing. This involves a creative process that goes beyond direct observation, as it requires the narrator to form a non-literal, imaginative connection between the director's physicality and the abstract concept of music.
B) The narrator notices the candlelight reflected off the violin. This detail showcases the narrator's observant nature. They notice the way the light interacts with the violin, a small detail that many might overlook in the grandeur of the concert. This keen observation of small details highlights the narrator's attentiveness to their surroundings.
C) The narrator stands to the side while the ladies pass by. While this detail shows the narrator's position during the event, it doesn't directly support the idea that the narrator is observant or imaginative. Standing to the side is a physical action and doesn't provide direct insight into the narrator's mental or observational skills.
D) The narrator has a new dress for the concert. This detail is about the narrator's attire for the concert, but it doesn't necessarily show that the narrator is observant or imaginative. Wearing a new dress is a fact about the narrator, not a demonstration of their ability to observe or imagine.
Conclusion The narrator's imagination is evident in their metaphorical thinking, as shown by their description of the director looking like the music. Their observant nature is reflected in their attention to detail, specifically their noticing the candlelight reflecting off the violin. Other details about the narrator's position and attire do not directly support the main ideas that the narrator is observant and imaginative.
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