Q 1 / 15
Question
1
In context, which revision would most improve sentence 12 (reproduced below)? I am aware that what I see as determination, they sometimes see as a lack of realism.
Rationale
<h2>Change 'they' to 'other people'.</h2>
This revision clarifies the reference to individuals who perceive determination differently, enhancing the sentence's readability and removing potential ambiguity.
<b>A) Change 'I am aware' to 'I notice'.</b>
This alteration does not address the main issue of specifying the group of individuals who hold a contrasting perspective on determination, making the sentence less precise.
<b>B) Change 'what I see' to 'the quality that I know'.</b>
Replacing 'what I see' with 'the quality that I know' introduces unnecessary complexity and wordiness without enhancing the sentence's clarity or meaning.
<b>C) Change 'they' to 'other people'.</b>
This change directly resolves the ambiguity by replacing the vague pronoun 'they' with the more specific and inclusive term 'other people', clearly indicating the contrasting perceptions of a distinct group.
<b>D) Delete 'sometimes'.</b>
Removing 'sometimes' alters the intended meaning of the sentence, which aims to highlight occasional differences in perception between the speaker and others regarding determination. Deleting this word would inaccurately portray the situation as constant rather than intermittent.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The optimal revision for sentence 12 involves changing 'they' to 'other people' to explicitly identify the individuals with differing views on determination. This adjustment enhances the sentence's clarity and ensures that readers understand the contrasting perspectives being discussed, thereby improving overall comprehension and communication effectiveness.
This revision clarifies the reference to individuals who perceive determination differently, enhancing the sentence's readability and removing potential ambiguity.
<b>A) Change 'I am aware' to 'I notice'.</b>
This alteration does not address the main issue of specifying the group of individuals who hold a contrasting perspective on determination, making the sentence less precise.
<b>B) Change 'what I see' to 'the quality that I know'.</b>
Replacing 'what I see' with 'the quality that I know' introduces unnecessary complexity and wordiness without enhancing the sentence's clarity or meaning.
<b>C) Change 'they' to 'other people'.</b>
This change directly resolves the ambiguity by replacing the vague pronoun 'they' with the more specific and inclusive term 'other people', clearly indicating the contrasting perceptions of a distinct group.
<b>D) Delete 'sometimes'.</b>
Removing 'sometimes' alters the intended meaning of the sentence, which aims to highlight occasional differences in perception between the speaker and others regarding determination. Deleting this word would inaccurately portray the situation as constant rather than intermittent.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The optimal revision for sentence 12 involves changing 'they' to 'other people' to explicitly identify the individuals with differing views on determination. This adjustment enhances the sentence's clarity and ensures that readers understand the contrasting perspectives being discussed, thereby improving overall comprehension and communication effectiveness.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
2
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage
Passage 1
It seems humorous now, but when the telephone made its debut, Western Union executives described it as having "too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication." Someday we might be chuckling over similar claims about social networking sites like Facebook. Some people have declared that communicating through computer screens is a weak substitute for in-person interactions. But many others counter that social media encourage more frequent contact with others and thus enrich our real-life relationships. For these people, social networking sites are an invaluable method of communicating with friends, colleagues, and even family members.
Passage 2
A poll conducted in the United States revealed that nearly half of all citizens believe that social networking is a fad that will quickly pass out of favor. I agree with those people. Social media sites can be fun, but they aren't really important. Just as grabbing a candy bar isn't as nutritionally sound as sitting down for a full meal, having a "conversation" via a social media site is not as fulfilling as socializing with a friend face-to-face. As people come to this realization, they will step away from their computers and make plans to see their friends in person.
Passage 1
It seems humorous now, but when the telephone made its debut, Western Union executives described it as having "too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication." Someday we might be chuckling over similar claims about social networking sites like Facebook. Some people have declared that communicating through computer screens is a weak substitute for in-person interactions. But many others counter that social media encourage more frequent contact with others and thus enrich our real-life relationships. For these people, social networking sites are an invaluable method of communicating with friends, colleagues, and even family members.
Passage 2
A poll conducted in the United States revealed that nearly half of all citizens believe that social networking is a fad that will quickly pass out of favor. I agree with those people. Social media sites can be fun, but they aren't really important. Just as grabbing a candy bar isn't as nutritionally sound as sitting down for a full meal, having a "conversation" via a social media site is not as fulfilling as socializing with a friend face-to-face. As people come to this realization, they will step away from their computers and make plans to see their friends in person.
What does the passage imply about Jimmy Page?
Rationale
<h2>Page was primarily a guitarist, not a thereminist.</h2>
The passage mentions Jimmy Page as the guitarist of Led Zeppelin who played the theremin on the song "Whole Lotta Love," highlighting his role primarily as a guitarist rather than a theremin player.
<b>A) Page played the theremin in an unorthodox way</b>
The passage does not provide any information suggesting that Page played the theremin in an unconventional or unorthodox manner. It simply states that he played the instrument on a specific song.
<b>B) Page wrote the song "Whole Lotta Love" for the theremin</b>
There is no indication in the passage that Page composed "Whole Lotta Love" specifically for the theremin. The passage only mentions that he played the theremin on that particular song.
<b>C) Page was primarily a guitarist, not a thereminist</b>
This aligns with the information presented in the passage, emphasizing Jimmy Page's role as a guitarist in Led Zeppelin who occasionally played the theremin, rather than being a dedicated theremin player.
<b>D) Page was a master of many instruments, including the theremin</b>
While the passage mentions Page playing the theremin, it does not provide evidence to suggest that he was a master of multiple instruments, including the theremin. The focus is on his guitar skills and occasional use of the theremin.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The passage implies that Jimmy Page's primary role within Led Zeppelin was that of a guitarist, with the mention of him playing the theremin on a specific song serving as an example of his musical versatility rather than indicating mastery of the theremin. This reinforces his identity as a guitarist who occasionally incorporated other instruments into his performances.
The passage mentions Jimmy Page as the guitarist of Led Zeppelin who played the theremin on the song "Whole Lotta Love," highlighting his role primarily as a guitarist rather than a theremin player.
<b>A) Page played the theremin in an unorthodox way</b>
The passage does not provide any information suggesting that Page played the theremin in an unconventional or unorthodox manner. It simply states that he played the instrument on a specific song.
<b>B) Page wrote the song "Whole Lotta Love" for the theremin</b>
There is no indication in the passage that Page composed "Whole Lotta Love" specifically for the theremin. The passage only mentions that he played the theremin on that particular song.
<b>C) Page was primarily a guitarist, not a thereminist</b>
This aligns with the information presented in the passage, emphasizing Jimmy Page's role as a guitarist in Led Zeppelin who occasionally played the theremin, rather than being a dedicated theremin player.
<b>D) Page was a master of many instruments, including the theremin</b>
While the passage mentions Page playing the theremin, it does not provide evidence to suggest that he was a master of multiple instruments, including the theremin. The focus is on his guitar skills and occasional use of the theremin.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The passage implies that Jimmy Page's primary role within Led Zeppelin was that of a guitarist, with the mention of him playing the theremin on a specific song serving as an example of his musical versatility rather than indicating mastery of the theremin. This reinforces his identity as a guitarist who occasionally incorporated other instruments into his performances.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
3
Which version of the underlined portion in sentence 14 (reproduced below) most effectively elaborates on the idea presented at the beginning of the sentence? In spite of his concern over time constraints- the occasion was an important one- he resolved to compose a relevant tribute.
Rationale
<h2>Correct Answer: A</h2>
The original underlined portion in sentence 14 effectively conveys the idea that despite time constraints and the importance of the occasion, the individual decided to create a meaningful tribute without introducing any new or distracting information.
<b>B) the event would be held in the nation's capital!- </b>
This option introduces new information about the location of the event, which does not directly relate to the individual's decision to compose a tribute despite the time constraints and importance of the occasion. The focus shifts from the individual's resolve to external event details.
<b>C) only two days until the ceremony!- </b>
The inclusion of the time frame until the ceremony, while emphasizing urgency, does not further elaborate on the individual's decision to create a tribute despite the time constraints and importance of the occasion. It adds a different aspect to the situation rather than elaborating on the original idea.
<b>D) the president would hear him recite!- </b>
Bringing in the detail that the president would be present to hear the recitation introduces a new element that does not directly contribute to elaborating on the individual's decision to compose a tribute despite the time constraints and significance of the occasion. This choice shifts the focus away from the individual's internal motivation.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option A is the most effective choice as it maintains the focus on the individual's internal decision-making process without introducing extraneous or unrelated details. By keeping the elaboration consistent with the original idea presented in the sentence, the clarity and coherence of the sentence are preserved, ensuring that the reader can follow the logical progression of the narrative without unnecessary distractions.
The original underlined portion in sentence 14 effectively conveys the idea that despite time constraints and the importance of the occasion, the individual decided to create a meaningful tribute without introducing any new or distracting information.
<b>B) the event would be held in the nation's capital!- </b>
This option introduces new information about the location of the event, which does not directly relate to the individual's decision to compose a tribute despite the time constraints and importance of the occasion. The focus shifts from the individual's resolve to external event details.
<b>C) only two days until the ceremony!- </b>
The inclusion of the time frame until the ceremony, while emphasizing urgency, does not further elaborate on the individual's decision to create a tribute despite the time constraints and importance of the occasion. It adds a different aspect to the situation rather than elaborating on the original idea.
<b>D) the president would hear him recite!- </b>
Bringing in the detail that the president would be present to hear the recitation introduces a new element that does not directly contribute to elaborating on the individual's decision to compose a tribute despite the time constraints and significance of the occasion. This choice shifts the focus away from the individual's internal motivation.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option A is the most effective choice as it maintains the focus on the individual's internal decision-making process without introducing extraneous or unrelated details. By keeping the elaboration consistent with the original idea presented in the sentence, the clarity and coherence of the sentence are preserved, ensuring that the reader can follow the logical progression of the narrative without unnecessary distractions.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
4
In context, which would be the most effective way to revise and combine sentences 3 and 4 (reproduced below)? He taught himself to juggle. He could juggle three balls perfectly by the age of six.
Rationale
<h2>Combining sentences 3 and 4 would be most effective as: to juggle and by the age of six could juggle three balls perfectly.</h2>
This revised construction maintains the sequential progression of learning to juggle and achieving proficiency by age six, presenting a cohesive narrative flow.
<b>A) to juggle and by the age of six could juggle three balls perfectly.</b>
This choice correctly combines the actions of learning to juggle and mastering the skill by age six in a concise and grammatically coherent manner. The use of "could" appropriately indicates past ability after acquiring the juggling skill.
<b>B) to juggle: he juggles three balls perfectly by the age of six.</b>
This option introduces a potential tense inconsistency by switching to present tense ("juggles") in the second clause, disrupting the chronological progression of skill acquisition followed by proficiency attainment.
<b>C) to juggle three balls perfectly; they did it by the age of six.</b>
The pronoun "they" in this choice introduces ambiguity regarding the identity of the juggler, deviating from the singular subject established in the original sentences. Additionally, the phrase "they did it" lacks clarity and conciseness.
<b>D) juggling, and they juggled three balls perfectly by the age of six.</b>
This alternative incorrectly shifts the focus from the individual's self-taught juggling skill to a plural subject ("they"), creating inconsistency and confusion in the narrative. The use of "juggling" at the beginning also disrupts the logical progression of events.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Choice A offers the most effective revision by seamlessly combining the actions of learning to juggle and achieving proficiency into a single coherent sentence structure. The use of appropriate tense and clear phrasing ensures a smooth transition between the sequential events, enhancing the readability and clarity of the sentence.
This revised construction maintains the sequential progression of learning to juggle and achieving proficiency by age six, presenting a cohesive narrative flow.
<b>A) to juggle and by the age of six could juggle three balls perfectly.</b>
This choice correctly combines the actions of learning to juggle and mastering the skill by age six in a concise and grammatically coherent manner. The use of "could" appropriately indicates past ability after acquiring the juggling skill.
<b>B) to juggle: he juggles three balls perfectly by the age of six.</b>
This option introduces a potential tense inconsistency by switching to present tense ("juggles") in the second clause, disrupting the chronological progression of skill acquisition followed by proficiency attainment.
<b>C) to juggle three balls perfectly; they did it by the age of six.</b>
The pronoun "they" in this choice introduces ambiguity regarding the identity of the juggler, deviating from the singular subject established in the original sentences. Additionally, the phrase "they did it" lacks clarity and conciseness.
<b>D) juggling, and they juggled three balls perfectly by the age of six.</b>
This alternative incorrectly shifts the focus from the individual's self-taught juggling skill to a plural subject ("they"), creating inconsistency and confusion in the narrative. The use of "juggling" at the beginning also disrupts the logical progression of events.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Choice A offers the most effective revision by seamlessly combining the actions of learning to juggle and achieving proficiency into a single coherent sentence structure. The use of appropriate tense and clear phrasing ensures a smooth transition between the sequential events, enhancing the readability and clarity of the sentence.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
5
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage
Passage
During the process of photosynthesis, algae produce a small amount of hydrogen gas. Recently, microbiologists funded by the Department of Energy figured out how to create mutant versions of algae that generate much more hydrogen. You are probably wondering why the Department of Energy is funding this research. The answer is that the hydrogen produced by algae could one day be used to provide energy to entire cities.
Passage
During the process of photosynthesis, algae produce a small amount of hydrogen gas. Recently, microbiologists funded by the Department of Energy figured out how to create mutant versions of algae that generate much more hydrogen. You are probably wondering why the Department of Energy is funding this research. The answer is that the hydrogen produced by algae could one day be used to provide energy to entire cities.
The term "heliotropic" (sentence 5) most probably means
Rationale
<h2>Turning toward the Sun</h2>
The term "heliotropic" in the context of the passage refers to the behavior of sunflowers turning their faces towards the Sun as it moves across the sky. This movement is a direct response to the Sun's position and is facilitated by the flexibility of the stem segment known as the pulvinus.
<b>A) Having a flexible pulvinus</b>
While the flexibility of the pulvinus is indeed mentioned in the passage as the mechanism responsible for the movement of sunflowers, this characteristic alone does not define the term "heliotropic." The flexibility of the pulvinus enables the heliotropic behavior rather than being synonymous with it.
<b>B) Flowering in the bud stage</b>
The term "heliotropic" does not relate to the timing of flowering in sunflowers but specifically describes the directional response of the flowers to the Sun's movement. Flowering in the bud stage is a separate aspect of the sunflower's life cycle and not directly linked to heliotropism.
<b>C) Having brightly-colored flowers</b>
The color of the flowers is not the focus of the term "heliotropic" as used in the passage. The term refers to the Sun-directed movement of the flowers rather than their coloration. While sunflowers are known for their bright yellow petals, this characteristic is not captured by the term "heliotropic."
<b>D) Turning toward the Sun</b>
Correct! The term "heliotropic" in the passage refers specifically to the behavior of sunflowers turning to face the Sun. This directional movement is a key characteristic of heliotropism, as described in the context of the sunflowers' response to the Sun's daily path across the sky.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In the context of the passage, "heliotropic" directly correlates with the sunflowers' movement of turning towards the Sun throughout the day. This behavior is facilitated by the flexibility of the pulvinus in the stem and is a distinctive feature of sunflowers' growth and development.
The term "heliotropic" in the context of the passage refers to the behavior of sunflowers turning their faces towards the Sun as it moves across the sky. This movement is a direct response to the Sun's position and is facilitated by the flexibility of the stem segment known as the pulvinus.
<b>A) Having a flexible pulvinus</b>
While the flexibility of the pulvinus is indeed mentioned in the passage as the mechanism responsible for the movement of sunflowers, this characteristic alone does not define the term "heliotropic." The flexibility of the pulvinus enables the heliotropic behavior rather than being synonymous with it.
<b>B) Flowering in the bud stage</b>
The term "heliotropic" does not relate to the timing of flowering in sunflowers but specifically describes the directional response of the flowers to the Sun's movement. Flowering in the bud stage is a separate aspect of the sunflower's life cycle and not directly linked to heliotropism.
<b>C) Having brightly-colored flowers</b>
The color of the flowers is not the focus of the term "heliotropic" as used in the passage. The term refers to the Sun-directed movement of the flowers rather than their coloration. While sunflowers are known for their bright yellow petals, this characteristic is not captured by the term "heliotropic."
<b>D) Turning toward the Sun</b>
Correct! The term "heliotropic" in the passage refers specifically to the behavior of sunflowers turning to face the Sun. This directional movement is a key characteristic of heliotropism, as described in the context of the sunflowers' response to the Sun's daily path across the sky.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In the context of the passage, "heliotropic" directly correlates with the sunflowers' movement of turning towards the Sun throughout the day. This behavior is facilitated by the flexibility of the pulvinus in the stem and is a distinctive feature of sunflowers' growth and development.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
6
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or amplied in the passage.
Passage
The theremin, an electronic musical instrument invented by Leon Theremin in 1928, is unique in that it is played without physical contact. The musician (occasionally referred to as a thereminist) stands in front of the instrument and moves his or her hands in the proximity of two metal antennas. The distance from one antenna determines frequency (pitch), and the distance from the other controls amplitude (volume). Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page played a theremin on the rock group's 1970s hit song "Whole Lotta Love."
Passage
The theremin, an electronic musical instrument invented by Leon Theremin in 1928, is unique in that it is played without physical contact. The musician (occasionally referred to as a thereminist) stands in front of the instrument and moves his or her hands in the proximity of two metal antennas. The distance from one antenna determines frequency (pitch), and the distance from the other controls amplitude (volume). Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page played a theremin on the rock group's 1970s hit song "Whole Lotta Love."
What is the passage primarily discussing?
Rationale
<h2>The achievement of Richard Pearse</h2>
The passage primarily focuses on the accomplishment of Richard Pearse in aviation history, contrasting the popular belief of the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight with the claim that Pearse, a New Zealand inventor, may have flown before them.
<b>A) The achievement of Richard Pearse</b>
This choice aligns with the central theme of the passage, which discusses Richard Pearse's flight in 1902, highlighting his pioneering efforts in aviation despite the challenges he faced in controlling his flying machine.
<b>B) The problems of early airplanes</b>
While the passage briefly mentions Pearse's struggle to steer and maintain his plane in the air, the main focus is on his achievement in attempting powered flight rather than on the general challenges faced by early airplanes.
<b>C) The first flight in the United States</b>
The passage mentions the Wright Brothers' flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as legendary, but the primary emphasis is on Richard Pearse's flight in New Zealand, not the first flight in the United States.
<b>D) The history of long-distance flight</b>
The passage does not delve into the history of long-distance flight but rather centers on the specific event of Richard Pearse's flight in 1902 and the contrasting views regarding the first successful airplane flight.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The passage centers on Richard Pearse's pioneering achievement in aviation, presenting a narrative that challenges the traditional belief in the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight. It highlights Pearse's attempt at flight in 1902 and the differing perspectives on early aviation accomplishments, particularly focusing on his contribution to the history of aviation innovation.
The passage primarily focuses on the accomplishment of Richard Pearse in aviation history, contrasting the popular belief of the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight with the claim that Pearse, a New Zealand inventor, may have flown before them.
<b>A) The achievement of Richard Pearse</b>
This choice aligns with the central theme of the passage, which discusses Richard Pearse's flight in 1902, highlighting his pioneering efforts in aviation despite the challenges he faced in controlling his flying machine.
<b>B) The problems of early airplanes</b>
While the passage briefly mentions Pearse's struggle to steer and maintain his plane in the air, the main focus is on his achievement in attempting powered flight rather than on the general challenges faced by early airplanes.
<b>C) The first flight in the United States</b>
The passage mentions the Wright Brothers' flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as legendary, but the primary emphasis is on Richard Pearse's flight in New Zealand, not the first flight in the United States.
<b>D) The history of long-distance flight</b>
The passage does not delve into the history of long-distance flight but rather centers on the specific event of Richard Pearse's flight in 1902 and the contrasting views regarding the first successful airplane flight.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The passage centers on Richard Pearse's pioneering achievement in aviation, presenting a narrative that challenges the traditional belief in the Wright Brothers as the first to achieve powered flight. It highlights Pearse's attempt at flight in 1902 and the differing perspectives on early aviation accomplishments, particularly focusing on his contribution to the history of aviation innovation.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
7
Which change is needed in the fourth paragraph?
Rationale
<h2>Change 'immanent' to 'eminent' in sentence 15.</h2>
The term 'eminent' is more appropriate in the context of the fourth paragraph to convey the intended meaning of standing out prominently or being distinguished, compared to 'immanent' which refers to something inherent or intrinsic.
<b>B) In sentence 15, change 'dual' to 'duel'</b>
The word 'dual' signifies the presence of two parts or elements, while 'duel' refers to a prearranged combat between two individuals. Given the context of the paragraph, 'duel' would not be a suitable replacement for 'immanent.'
<b>C) In sentence 16, change 'inspire' to 'aspire'</b>
To 'inspire' means to motivate or influence positively, whereas 'aspire' means to have a strong desire or ambition to achieve something. The original context of the paragraph suggests the need for a change related to prominence rather than motivation.
<b>D) In sentence 17, change 'proceeded' to 'preceded'</b>
'Proceeded' implies moving forward or continuing, while 'preceded' means to come before in time or order. The context of the paragraph requires a change that aligns with the idea of something coming before or leading to a subsequent event, making 'preceded' a more suitable replacement.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In the fourth paragraph, the change needed is to replace 'immanent' with 'eminent' in sentence 15 to accurately convey the intended meaning of standing out prominently or being distinguished. This modification ensures clarity and coherence in the text, aligning the language with the context of the surrounding sentences.
The term 'eminent' is more appropriate in the context of the fourth paragraph to convey the intended meaning of standing out prominently or being distinguished, compared to 'immanent' which refers to something inherent or intrinsic.
<b>B) In sentence 15, change 'dual' to 'duel'</b>
The word 'dual' signifies the presence of two parts or elements, while 'duel' refers to a prearranged combat between two individuals. Given the context of the paragraph, 'duel' would not be a suitable replacement for 'immanent.'
<b>C) In sentence 16, change 'inspire' to 'aspire'</b>
To 'inspire' means to motivate or influence positively, whereas 'aspire' means to have a strong desire or ambition to achieve something. The original context of the paragraph suggests the need for a change related to prominence rather than motivation.
<b>D) In sentence 17, change 'proceeded' to 'preceded'</b>
'Proceeded' implies moving forward or continuing, while 'preceded' means to come before in time or order. The context of the paragraph requires a change that aligns with the idea of something coming before or leading to a subsequent event, making 'preceded' a more suitable replacement.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In the fourth paragraph, the change needed is to replace 'immanent' with 'eminent' in sentence 15 to accurately convey the intended meaning of standing out prominently or being distinguished. This modification ensures clarity and coherence in the text, aligning the language with the context of the surrounding sentences.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
8
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that makes the text below grammatically correct.
Apart from being a basic requirement for plant life, the propagation of some plant species is also helped by rain.
Rationale
<h2>Rain also helps in the propagation of some plant species.</h2>
The original sentence structure is clear and concise, effectively conveying the idea that rain plays a role in assisting the propagation of certain plant species.
<b>A) The propagation of some plant species is also helped by rain</b>
This choice is essentially identical to the original sentence and does not provide any improvement in clarity or meaning. The wording remains awkward and redundant.
<b>B) Some plant species are also helped by rain to propagate them</b>
This option introduces unnecessary complexity and awkward phrasing by using "to propagate them." The original sentence conveys the same idea more effectively and succinctly.
<b>D) It is also helpful for the propagation of some plant species to have rain</b>
This choice unnecessarily introduces the pronoun "it" and shifts the focus away from the direct relationship between rain and plant propagation. The sentence becomes more convoluted without adding clarity.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option C, "Rain also helps in the propagation of some plant species," provides a clear and direct statement that maintains the original sentence's meaning while improving the flow of the sentence. By placing the emphasis on rain as the active agent in aiding plant propagation, this choice effectively communicates the intended message without unnecessary complexity or ambiguity.
The original sentence structure is clear and concise, effectively conveying the idea that rain plays a role in assisting the propagation of certain plant species.
<b>A) The propagation of some plant species is also helped by rain</b>
This choice is essentially identical to the original sentence and does not provide any improvement in clarity or meaning. The wording remains awkward and redundant.
<b>B) Some plant species are also helped by rain to propagate them</b>
This option introduces unnecessary complexity and awkward phrasing by using "to propagate them." The original sentence conveys the same idea more effectively and succinctly.
<b>D) It is also helpful for the propagation of some plant species to have rain</b>
This choice unnecessarily introduces the pronoun "it" and shifts the focus away from the direct relationship between rain and plant propagation. The sentence becomes more convoluted without adding clarity.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option C, "Rain also helps in the propagation of some plant species," provides a clear and direct statement that maintains the original sentence's meaning while improving the flow of the sentence. By placing the emphasis on rain as the active agent in aiding plant propagation, this choice effectively communicates the intended message without unnecessary complexity or ambiguity.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
9
Which change is needed in the fourth paragraph?
Rationale
<h2>Change 'immanent' to 'eminent'.</h2>
The term 'eminent' better fits the context in sentence 15, emphasizing the prominent or distinguished nature of the subject matter discussed.
<b>B) In sentence 15, change 'dual' to 'duel'</b>
The word 'duel' refers to a formal combat between two individuals, which is not the intended meaning in this context. 'Dual' correctly conveys the idea of duality or twofold nature.
<b>C) In sentence 16, change 'inspire' to 'aspire'</b>
While 'inspire' and 'aspire' are related terms, they have distinct meanings. 'Inspire' implies motivation or influence, whereas 'aspire' conveys a strong desire or ambition. The original term 'inspire' aligns with the intended message of the sentence.
<b>D) In sentence 17, change 'proceeded' to 'preceded'</b>
'Preceded' is the appropriate term to indicate something that came before, whereas 'proceeded' refers to moving forward. The context of sentence 17 requires the correct usage of 'preceded' to maintain clarity and logical sequence.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Ensuring precise language in written communication is crucial for conveying intended meanings accurately. In this case, replacing 'immanent' with 'eminent' in sentence 15 enhances the clarity and impact of the text, aligning with the overall message of the paragraph. This change maintains consistency and strengthens the expression of ideas within the given context.
The term 'eminent' better fits the context in sentence 15, emphasizing the prominent or distinguished nature of the subject matter discussed.
<b>B) In sentence 15, change 'dual' to 'duel'</b>
The word 'duel' refers to a formal combat between two individuals, which is not the intended meaning in this context. 'Dual' correctly conveys the idea of duality or twofold nature.
<b>C) In sentence 16, change 'inspire' to 'aspire'</b>
While 'inspire' and 'aspire' are related terms, they have distinct meanings. 'Inspire' implies motivation or influence, whereas 'aspire' conveys a strong desire or ambition. The original term 'inspire' aligns with the intended message of the sentence.
<b>D) In sentence 17, change 'proceeded' to 'preceded'</b>
'Preceded' is the appropriate term to indicate something that came before, whereas 'proceeded' refers to moving forward. The context of sentence 17 requires the correct usage of 'preceded' to maintain clarity and logical sequence.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Ensuring precise language in written communication is crucial for conveying intended meanings accurately. In this case, replacing 'immanent' with 'eminent' in sentence 15 enhances the clarity and impact of the text, aligning with the overall message of the paragraph. This change maintains consistency and strengthens the expression of ideas within the given context.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
10
Select the best version of the underlined part of the sentence. If you think the original sentence is best, choose the first answer.
Our offices are located in an old building on the outskirts of campus that was formerly, a tavern.
Rationale
<h2>The best version of the underlined part is "formerly."</h2>
The word "formerly" correctly indicates the past status of the building as a tavern, aligning with the context of the sentence and maintaining clarity in the description of the office location.
<b>B) formally</b>
"Formally" suggests a sense of official or proper behavior, which is not suitable in this context where the focus is on the historical nature of the building rather than the manner in which it was a tavern.
<b>C) formidably</b>
"Formidably" means causing fear or apprehension, which is entirely unrelated to the intended meaning in the sentence about the historical identity of the building as a tavern. This choice introduces an irrelevant and confusing concept.
<b>D) formality</b>
"Formality" refers to a formal or ceremonious observance of rules, which does not fit the context of describing the past function of the building as a tavern. This word choice introduces a concept unrelated to the historical transformation of the building.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The original word "formerly" is the most appropriate choice in the sentence as it accurately conveys the historical transition of the building from a tavern to the current office space. The use of "formerly" helps maintain the coherence and chronological sequence of events in the sentence, enhancing the reader's understanding of the building's past.
The word "formerly" correctly indicates the past status of the building as a tavern, aligning with the context of the sentence and maintaining clarity in the description of the office location.
<b>B) formally</b>
"Formally" suggests a sense of official or proper behavior, which is not suitable in this context where the focus is on the historical nature of the building rather than the manner in which it was a tavern.
<b>C) formidably</b>
"Formidably" means causing fear or apprehension, which is entirely unrelated to the intended meaning in the sentence about the historical identity of the building as a tavern. This choice introduces an irrelevant and confusing concept.
<b>D) formality</b>
"Formality" refers to a formal or ceremonious observance of rules, which does not fit the context of describing the past function of the building as a tavern. This word choice introduces a concept unrelated to the historical transformation of the building.
<b>Conclusion</b>
The original word "formerly" is the most appropriate choice in the sentence as it accurately conveys the historical transition of the building from a tavern to the current office space. The use of "formerly" helps maintain the coherence and chronological sequence of events in the sentence, enhancing the reader's understanding of the building's past.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
11
In context, which of the following sentences would most effectively be placed immediately after sentence 10 (reproduced below)? Eventually my stubbornness paid off.
Rationale
<h2>D) I became a pretty competent juggler and am now almost as skilled as my brother.</h2>
After the perseverance highlighted in the passage, this sentence serves as a logical continuation by indicating the positive outcome of the speaker's dedication and effort in improving their juggling skills. It directly addresses the theme of persistence paying off and showcases personal growth and achievement in comparison to a family member.
<b>A) Stubbornness seems to run in my family, since my brother is just as stubborn as I am.</b>
This statement introduces a new topic unrelated to the speaker's juggling skills or the outcome of their persistence. While it touches on family traits, it does not directly follow the theme of skill development and improvement established in the passage.
<b>B) Stubborn people can achieve much success and satisfaction.</b>
Although this sentence conveys a positive message about the potential benefits of persistence, it does not provide a specific continuation of the speaker's story regarding their juggling progress. It offers a general statement rather than a personal anecdote or outcome.
<b>C) I still like to juggle, even though I am no better at it now than I was in grade school.</b>
This sentence represents a contrast to the expected progression of improvement hinted at in the passage. It does not align with the idea of eventual success resulting from perseverance, as it suggests stagnation in the speaker's juggling abilities. Therefore, it would not be the most effective sentence to follow the scenario presented.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Sentence D best follows the narrative presented in the passage by directly addressing the speaker's progress and accomplishment in juggling, showcasing the positive results of their persistent efforts. It provides a clear and fitting continuation of the theme of perseverance leading to skill development and success, making it the most suitable choice to follow sentence 10 in the context of the story.
After the perseverance highlighted in the passage, this sentence serves as a logical continuation by indicating the positive outcome of the speaker's dedication and effort in improving their juggling skills. It directly addresses the theme of persistence paying off and showcases personal growth and achievement in comparison to a family member.
<b>A) Stubbornness seems to run in my family, since my brother is just as stubborn as I am.</b>
This statement introduces a new topic unrelated to the speaker's juggling skills or the outcome of their persistence. While it touches on family traits, it does not directly follow the theme of skill development and improvement established in the passage.
<b>B) Stubborn people can achieve much success and satisfaction.</b>
Although this sentence conveys a positive message about the potential benefits of persistence, it does not provide a specific continuation of the speaker's story regarding their juggling progress. It offers a general statement rather than a personal anecdote or outcome.
<b>C) I still like to juggle, even though I am no better at it now than I was in grade school.</b>
This sentence represents a contrast to the expected progression of improvement hinted at in the passage. It does not align with the idea of eventual success resulting from perseverance, as it suggests stagnation in the speaker's juggling abilities. Therefore, it would not be the most effective sentence to follow the scenario presented.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Sentence D best follows the narrative presented in the passage by directly addressing the speaker's progress and accomplishment in juggling, showcasing the positive results of their persistent efforts. It provides a clear and fitting continuation of the theme of perseverance leading to skill development and success, making it the most suitable choice to follow sentence 10 in the context of the story.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
12
Read the passage below and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or imoined in the passage.
Passage
Strictly speaking, gargoyles are spouts carved on the outsides of a building. They protrude from a roof gutter and are designed to direct water away from the roof. The word "gargoyle" comes from the Old French gargouille and the Late Latin gurgulio, both of which mean "throat." While we usually think of gargoyles as being carved in the shapes of grotesque animals or people, some are undecorated, serving a purely utilitarian function.
Passage
Strictly speaking, gargoyles are spouts carved on the outsides of a building. They protrude from a roof gutter and are designed to direct water away from the roof. The word "gargoyle" comes from the Old French gargouille and the Late Latin gurgulio, both of which mean "throat." While we usually think of gargoyles as being carved in the shapes of grotesque animals or people, some are undecorated, serving a purely utilitarian function.
The passage indicates that John Neville was
Rationale
<h2>John Neville was working for the government.</h2>
The passage mentions that protesters threatened the home of tax collector General John Neville, indicating his role as a government official involved in tax collection during the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>A) the creator of the whiskey tax</b>
This statement is incorrect as the passage does not attribute the creation of the whiskey tax to John Neville. He is mentioned solely as a tax collector in the events described.
<b>B) working for the government</b>
Correct. The passage explicitly states that John Neville was a tax collector, indicating that he was working for the government during the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>C) pardoned by the government</b>
There is no mention in the passage of John Neville being pardoned by the government. The focus is on his role as a tax collector and the events surrounding the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>D) a friend of George Washington's</b>
While the passage mentions the involvement of both John Neville and George Washington in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion, there is no indication that they were personal friends. Their relationship is portrayed in the context of their official roles during the uprising.
<b>Conclusion</b>
John Neville's role in the passage is clearly defined as that of a tax collector working for the government, involved in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion. This distinction separates him from being the creator of the whiskey tax, being pardoned by the government, or being specifically noted as a friend of George Washington.
The passage mentions that protesters threatened the home of tax collector General John Neville, indicating his role as a government official involved in tax collection during the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>A) the creator of the whiskey tax</b>
This statement is incorrect as the passage does not attribute the creation of the whiskey tax to John Neville. He is mentioned solely as a tax collector in the events described.
<b>B) working for the government</b>
Correct. The passage explicitly states that John Neville was a tax collector, indicating that he was working for the government during the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>C) pardoned by the government</b>
There is no mention in the passage of John Neville being pardoned by the government. The focus is on his role as a tax collector and the events surrounding the Whiskey Rebellion.
<b>D) a friend of George Washington's</b>
While the passage mentions the involvement of both John Neville and George Washington in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion, there is no indication that they were personal friends. Their relationship is portrayed in the context of their official roles during the uprising.
<b>Conclusion</b>
John Neville's role in the passage is clearly defined as that of a tax collector working for the government, involved in the events of the Whiskey Rebellion. This distinction separates him from being the creator of the whiskey tax, being pardoned by the government, or being specifically noted as a friend of George Washington.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
13
Which of the following sentences most effectively combines sentences 6 and 7 (reproduced below)? There are over 1000 different kinds of bananas. Most bananas that grow without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.
Rationale
<h2>There are over 1000 different kinds of bananas, and most of the ones grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</h2>
These two sentences can be seamlessly combined to emphasize the vast diversity of bananas alongside the common characteristic of small size among those growing without human intervention.
<b>A) There are over 1000 different kinds of bananas, and most of the ones grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
This option accurately merges the information from the original sentences, efficiently conveying both the extensive variety of bananas and the typical size of those growing naturally.
<b>B) While there are over 1000 different kinds of bananas, most of the ones grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
While this choice does combine the information, it introduces a conditional relationship using 'While' that slightly alters the direct connection between the two statements.
<b>C) Of the more than 1000 different kinds of bananas, many of them are grown without human assistance, and many of those are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
This option introduces the term 'many' instead of 'most', which slightly dilutes the emphasis on the small size of naturally grown bananas compared to the other choices.
<b>D) Most bananas grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger, and all told there are more than 1000 different kinds of bananas.</b>
While this choice correctly combines the sentences, it places greater emphasis on the size of naturally grown bananas rather than highlighting the vast number of banana varieties as the primary focus.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option A effectively combines the information from the two original sentences, emphasizing both the extensive diversity of bananas and the typical small size of those growing without human intervention. This choice maintains a clear and concise structure, directly linking the quantity of banana types with the size characteristics of naturally grown bananas.
These two sentences can be seamlessly combined to emphasize the vast diversity of bananas alongside the common characteristic of small size among those growing without human intervention.
<b>A) There are over 1000 different kinds of bananas, and most of the ones grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
This option accurately merges the information from the original sentences, efficiently conveying both the extensive variety of bananas and the typical size of those growing naturally.
<b>B) While there are over 1000 different kinds of bananas, most of the ones grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
While this choice does combine the information, it introduces a conditional relationship using 'While' that slightly alters the direct connection between the two statements.
<b>C) Of the more than 1000 different kinds of bananas, many of them are grown without human assistance, and many of those are quite small, only about the length of a finger.</b>
This option introduces the term 'many' instead of 'most', which slightly dilutes the emphasis on the small size of naturally grown bananas compared to the other choices.
<b>D) Most bananas grown without human assistance are quite small, only about the length of a finger, and all told there are more than 1000 different kinds of bananas.</b>
While this choice correctly combines the sentences, it places greater emphasis on the size of naturally grown bananas rather than highlighting the vast number of banana varieties as the primary focus.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Option A effectively combines the information from the two original sentences, emphasizing both the extensive diversity of bananas and the typical small size of those growing without human intervention. This choice maintains a clear and concise structure, directly linking the quantity of banana types with the size characteristics of naturally grown bananas.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
14
Which of the following is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence 12 (reproduced below)? Cavendish bananas might appear to be strong, with its thick skins and ability to be shipped long distances without rotting or even bruising.
Rationale
<h2>The best version of the underlined portion is: their</h2>
The pronoun "their" correctly refers to "Cavendish bananas," which is a plural noun. This pronoun maintains subject-verb agreement and ensures clarity in identifying the entity being described.
<b>A) (as it is now)</b>
The current pronoun "its" does not agree in number with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas." This lack of agreement creates a grammatical error, leading to confusion regarding the subject of the sentence.
<b>B) its'</b>
The use of "its'" is incorrect as the apostrophe is unnecessary and signifies possession, which is not the intended meaning in this context. This choice introduces an error in punctuation and does not address the issue of subject-verb agreement.
<b>C) their</b>
This pronoun correctly aligns with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas," establishing clear subject-verb agreement in the sentence. Using "their" ensures that the pronoun matches the plural nature of the noun it refers to, improving the sentence's coherence.
<b>D) there</b>
The word "there" is an adverb indicating a place or location, which is not suitable in this context. Its inclusion would result in a nonsensical sentence structure that does not convey the intended meaning related to the characteristics of Cavendish bananas.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Selecting "their" as the pronoun in sentence 12 enhances the sentence's grammatical correctness by maintaining subject-verb agreement with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas." This choice ensures clarity and precision in communication, aligning with standard conventions of English grammar.
The pronoun "their" correctly refers to "Cavendish bananas," which is a plural noun. This pronoun maintains subject-verb agreement and ensures clarity in identifying the entity being described.
<b>A) (as it is now)</b>
The current pronoun "its" does not agree in number with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas." This lack of agreement creates a grammatical error, leading to confusion regarding the subject of the sentence.
<b>B) its'</b>
The use of "its'" is incorrect as the apostrophe is unnecessary and signifies possession, which is not the intended meaning in this context. This choice introduces an error in punctuation and does not address the issue of subject-verb agreement.
<b>C) their</b>
This pronoun correctly aligns with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas," establishing clear subject-verb agreement in the sentence. Using "their" ensures that the pronoun matches the plural nature of the noun it refers to, improving the sentence's coherence.
<b>D) there</b>
The word "there" is an adverb indicating a place or location, which is not suitable in this context. Its inclusion would result in a nonsensical sentence structure that does not convey the intended meaning related to the characteristics of Cavendish bananas.
<b>Conclusion</b>
Selecting "their" as the pronoun in sentence 12 enhances the sentence's grammatical correctness by maintaining subject-verb agreement with the plural noun "Cavendish bananas." This choice ensures clarity and precision in communication, aligning with standard conventions of English grammar.
Select an answer to continue →
Question
15
Our math teacher claimed that calculus, despite its complexities, were as easy as any other subject.
Rationale
<h2>The correct answer is: B</h2>
The subject "calculus" is singular, requiring a singular verb form to maintain subject-verb agreement. In this case, the verb should be "was" to correctly match with the singular subject "calculus."
<b>A) were as</b>
This choice uses the plural verb "were," which does not agree with the singular subject "calculus." Subject-verb agreement errors occur when a plural verb is incorrectly paired with a singular subject.
<b>C) is to be</b>
The phrase "is to be" creates awkward phrasing in this context and does not fit well with the structure of the sentence. It introduces unnecessary complexity and does not improve the clarity or correctness of the statement.
<b>D) to be</b>
This option lacks a verb to complete the comparison in the sentence, making it incomplete and grammatically incorrect. Without a verb directly after "to be," the sentence loses its intended meaning and structure.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In this sentence, the singular subject "calculus" requires a singular verb form for proper subject-verb agreement. The correct choice, "was," accurately reflects this agreement and ensures grammatical correctness in the sentence. By selecting the option "B) was as," the sentence maintains clarity and grammatical accuracy, conveying the intended message that the math teacher considered calculus to be as easy as any other subject despite its complexities.
The subject "calculus" is singular, requiring a singular verb form to maintain subject-verb agreement. In this case, the verb should be "was" to correctly match with the singular subject "calculus."
<b>A) were as</b>
This choice uses the plural verb "were," which does not agree with the singular subject "calculus." Subject-verb agreement errors occur when a plural verb is incorrectly paired with a singular subject.
<b>C) is to be</b>
The phrase "is to be" creates awkward phrasing in this context and does not fit well with the structure of the sentence. It introduces unnecessary complexity and does not improve the clarity or correctness of the statement.
<b>D) to be</b>
This option lacks a verb to complete the comparison in the sentence, making it incomplete and grammatically incorrect. Without a verb directly after "to be," the sentence loses its intended meaning and structure.
<b>Conclusion</b>
In this sentence, the singular subject "calculus" requires a singular verb form for proper subject-verb agreement. The correct choice, "was," accurately reflects this agreement and ensures grammatical correctness in the sentence. By selecting the option "B) was as," the sentence maintains clarity and grammatical accuracy, conveying the intended message that the math teacher considered calculus to be as easy as any other subject despite its complexities.
Select an answer to continue →
You are leaving this quiz
What would you like to do with your progress?
You're in the middle of a quiz
What would you like to do before switching?
Practice complete
You finished this free practice quiz.